Even with an optimal combination of prognostic factors and reference pathology, more than one third of patients predicted to have pathologic stage II or relapse during follow-up will not harbor metastatic disease and, therefore, would be overtreated with adjuvant therapy. However, patients at low risk may be predicted at an 86.5% level, and thus, surveillance in highly compliant patients would be a valuable option. For high-risk patients, further reduction of adjuvant treatment is necessary.
Objective: To determine predisposing or prognostic factors and mortality rates of patients with Fournier’s gangrene compared to other necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI). Material and Methods: Data of 55 intensive care patients (1981–2010) with NSTI were evaluated. Data were collected prospectively. Results: 43.4% of the patients were in septic condition and 27.3% were hemodynamically unstable. Half of the patients showed predisposing factors (52.7%). The lower extremity (63.2%), abdomen (30.9%), and perineum (14.5%) were most affected. Polymicrobial infections were frequent (65.5%, mean 2.8, range: 1–4). The mortality rate was 16.4% (n = 9). An increase was shown for diabetes mellitus (20%), cardiac insufficiency (22.3%), septic condition at presentation (33.3%), abdominal affection (47.1%), and hemodynamic instability (46.7%). Comparing survivors and nonsurvivors, statistical significance was seen with age (p < 0.001), septic condition at admission (p < 0.001), hemodynamic instability (p < 0.001), low blood pressure (p < 0.001), and abdominal affection (p < 0.001). In laboratory findings, an increase of creatine kinase (p < 0.001) and lactate (p < 0.001) and a decrease of antithrombin III (p < 0.007) and the Quick value (p < 0.01) proved to be significant. Conclusion: Patients with Fournier’s gangrene do not differ in all aspects from those with other NSTI. Successful treatment consists of immediate surgical debridement, broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment, and critical care management. Supportive hyperbaric oxygen therapy should be considered.
Purpose: The pretherapeutic assessment of prostate cancer is challenging and still holds the risk of overor undertreatment. This prospective trial investigates positron emission tomography (PET) with [ 18 F]fluoroethylcholine (FEC) combined with endorectal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the assessment of primary prostate cancer.Experimental design: Patients with prostate cancer based on needle biopsy findings, scheduled for radical prostatectomy, were assessed by FEC-PET and MRI in identical positioning. After prostatectomy, imaging results were compared with histologic whole-mount sections, and the PET/MRI lesion-based semiquantitative FEC uptake was compared with biopsy Gleason scores and postoperative histology.Results: PET/MRI showed a patient-based sensitivity of 95% (36/38; 95% confidence interval (CI), 82%-99%). The analysis of 128 prostate lesions demonstrated a sensitivity/specificity/positive predictive value/ negative predictive value/accuracy of 67%/35%/59%/44%/54% (P ¼ 0.8295) for MRI and 85%/45%/68%/ 69%/68% (P ¼ 0.0021) for PET, which increased to 84%/80%/85%/78%/82% (P < 0.0001) by combined FEC-PET/MRI in lesions >5 mm (n ¼ 98). For lesions in patients with Gleason >6 tumors (n ¼ 43), MRI and PET achieved 73%/31%/71%/33%/60% (P ¼ 1.0000) and 90%/62%/84%/73%/81% (P ¼ 0.0010), which were improved to 87%/92%/96%/75%/88% (P < 0.0001) by combined PET/MRI. Applying semiquantitative PET analysis, carcinomas with Gleason scores >6 were distinguished from those with Gleason 6 with a specificity of 90% and a positive predictive value of 83% (P ¼ 0.0011; needle biopsy 71%/60%, P ¼ 0.1071).Conclusions: In a prospective diagnostic trial setting, combined FEC-PET/MRI achieved very high sensitivity in the detection of the dominant malignant lesion of the prostate, and markedly improved upon PET or MRI alone. Noninvasive Gleason score assessment was more precise than needle biopsy in this patient cohort. Hence, FEC-PET/MRI merits further investigation in trials of randomized, multiarm design.
Metanephric adenoma is a rare tumor of the kidney. So far metanephric adenomas were considered to be benign, slowly growing and non-metastasizing tumors with an excellent prognosis. Only recently two cases of metastasized metanephric adenomas were published. Therefore, diagnostic work up, therapy and follow up of this tumor have to be reassessed. We report the case of a 42 year old male with metanephric adenoma. Current literature concerning metanephric adenoma is reviewed.
The repair of an inguinal hernia is the surgical procedure most often performed. Complication rates after laparoscopic hernioplasty amount up to 19%, with hematoma/seroma, neuralgia, urinary retention, and chronic pain most frequently reported. Significant complications such as trocar site bleeding or bowel injury occur in 0.4-5.6%, and sporadic intraoperative lesions of the bladder have been mentioned. We present a 48-year-old patient with recurrent dysuria 3 years after transabdominal preperitoneal hernioplasty (TAPP). The preoperative diagnostic evaluation led to the assumption of an intravesical mesh dislocation. In spite of extensive adhesions between the mesh and the bladder wall, the mesh including five fixation coils could be removed via a suprapubic access. The postoperative period was without complications, and the patient has no complaints. The incidence of complications after laparoscopic hernioplasty is low. Still, severe problems such as mesh rejection, spermatic granuloma, or mesh migration into the small and large intestine do occur. Migration of a mesh into the urinary bladder has only been described twice.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.