A study has been carried out by comparing the extreme wind speeds estimated based on NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data for 100 years return period using Fischer Tippet-1 (commonly known as Gumbel) and Weibull distributions for three locations (off Goa, Visakhapatnam and Machilipatnam) in the north Indian Ocean. The wind dataset for Goa is compared with that from ERA-40 data. For higher wind speeds (12-20 m s −1 ), NCEP wind speed has higher percentage of occurrence than that of ERA-40. Analysis has shown slight upward trend in the annual maximum wind for location off Machilipatnam with an increase of 1.2 cm s −1 per year and a decreasing trend of −1.3 cm s −1 per year in the case of Goa. The Weibull distribution with shape parameter 2 fits the annual maximum wind data better than FT-1 distribution.
Qualitative and quantitative studies on changes of coastal geomorphology and shoreline of Karnataka, India have been carried out using toposheets of Survey of India and satellite imageries (IRS-P6 and IRS-1D). Changes during 30 years period are studied at each station. Significant morphological changes in landforms like spit, channel Island, coastal plain, tidal flat, lateritic plain, alluvial plain and sand bar within and adjcent to estuarine river mouths of Kali, Sharavathi, Kollur-Chakkara - Haladi and Udyavara Rivers are observed. The study indicates that gradual erosion is observed at i) Karwar spit along the northern side of the Kali river mouth, ii) the spit at the southern side of the Sharavathi river mouth and iii) at some regions of Kundapur
Abstract. The wave growth characteristics during the onset of summer monsoon in a swell dominated open ocean at a location off the west coast of India at 14 m water depth are studied. 67% of the measured waves are due to the swells arriving from south and south-west and the balance was due to the seas from south-west to north-west. Wave age of the measured data indicates that the measured waves are young sea with presence of swells. Even when the wind speed reduced to less than 3 m/s, significant wave height more than 2 m is present due to the swells in the Arabian Sea. The maximum wave height increased from 2 to 8 m within 60 h. The mean wave directions at the high frequencies align with the westerly wind direction and gradually shift to south-westerly swell direction at low frequencies during the wave growth. The strong westerly winds present between longitude 72 • and 72.5 • at latitude 12.5 • has created the high waves (H m0 upto 5.65 m) during the measurement period.
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