In the present paper theoretical investigation has been carried out to evaluate the effect of layers of different shapes of dust particles (ellipsoidal and spheroidal) on the propagation of millimeter wave. For this purpose a length of communication link has been considered, which contains layers of dust particles blown to the height of the link due to dust storms. Further, each layer of dust particles has been assumed as a section of transmission line and entire link as number of transmission line sections in a cascade. Hence using the concept of transmission line the reflection coefficient, transmission coefficient and absorption loss have been calculated. It is found that propagation parameters depend on frequency and visibility. Brewster's phenomenon is clearly observed by the system which is at around 75° of angle of incidence.
In this paper, we discuss a quantum remote state preparation protocol by which two parties, Alice and Candy, prepare a single-qubit and a two-qubit state, respectively, at the site of the receiver Bob. The single-qubit state is known to Alice while the two-qubit state which is a non-maximally entangled Bell state is known to Candy. The three parties are connected through a single entangled state which acts as a quantum channel. We first describe the protocol in the ideal case when the entangled channel under use is in a pure state. After that, we consider the effect of amplitude damping (AD) noise on the quantum channel and describe the protocol executed through the noisy channel. The decrement of the fidelity is shown to occur with the increment in the noise parameter. This is shown by numerical computation in specific examples of the states to be created. Finally, we show that it is possible to maintain the label of fidelity to some extent and hence to decrease the effect of noise by the application of weak and reversal measurements. We also present a scheme for the generation of the five-qubit entangled resource which we require as a quantum channel. The generation scheme is run on the IBMQ platform.
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