A few years ago I had under observation at different times two girls aged 10 and 12 years, respectively, in whom I was struck by the marked contrast between the emaciated face with hollow cheeks and the good development of the rest of the body. These children were brought to the clinic for slight ailments and were not affected with any constitutional disease. I realized that I was dealing with a rare condition, but was at a loss to know where to search for a description of it in the literature. A paper recently published by Feer1 on "Lipodystrophia Progressiva" immediately cleared up the diagnosis. Unfortunately no detailed history, photographs or measurements were taken at the time, and the patients are no longer under observation.I had the good fortune recently to discover a typical example of this condition in the person of a mother who brought her children for treatment.. The history is briefly as follows :REPORT OF CASE History.\p=m-\Mrs.K., aged 32, Hebrew, has been married for ten years to her cousin. She had three brothers and two sisters. One sister died in childhood of pneumonia. One brother and the sister are married and have healthy children. No other member of the family has had a similar condition; neither the mother of the patient nor the other female members were unusually fat or thin, nor did any one have an increased amount of adipose tissue in the lower part of the body. There is no family history of syphilis, tuberculosis, alcoholism, diabetes or nervous diseases. The birth was normal, the patient was breast fed, and her physical and mental development during childhood was normal. At the age of 3 she had measles without complications. Since that time, with the exception of occasional headaches, her health has always been good. The change in her face was first noticed at the age of 6. It began insidiously, without any fever, pain or discomfort, and gradually became more marked, so that at 11 the fat of the face had almost entirely disappeared. Later the dystrophy spread to the neck, upper part of the chest and arms, so that these parts became distinctly thinner. When she was 11 years old the family emigrated from Russia to this country. The patient was taken to a well known New York *

What one does not look for one does not see. This is well illustrated in the case of the oral manifestations of measles. The disease is extremely common; numerous careful observers have examined innumerable patients and still the significance of certain manifestations for a long time escaped detection. I can find only three authors who have mentioned the tonsillar spots as an early manifestation of measles. Comby1 reported four cases of measles in one family and described white spots (angine pultac\l=e'\e) as being present on the tonsils of two of these cases two days before the eruption appeared. Grumann2 describes white spots or streaks about 3 mm. long which are present on the tonsils one or two days before the eruption. Miller3 reports the case of a child which, when first examined, besides a rise of temperature, had dyspnea and a reddened throat. The tonsils were swollen and on each tonsil there were a number of small bluish semitransparent elevated bodies averaging considerably less than the size of the head of an ordinary pin. The eruption appeared the following day. No Koplik's spots were observed.It is interesting to note that occasionally when these spots on the tonsils were seen, they were regarded as merely coincidental and their relation to the onset of measles not recognized. To cite one example, in von Pirquet's splendid monograph on measles two of Fried Jung's cases are quoted to illustrate an unusually long period of incubation:

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female, aged 4, was admitted to Lebanon Hospital Nov. 4, 1921. Family History.\p=m-\Parentsapparently healthy; no history of tuberculosis or syphilis; no members of the family have had any diseases of the blood or the blood forming organs. Patient has one sister who is healthy. Personal History.\p=m-\Fullterm, normal delivery; breast fed; normal physical and mental development during infancy. Measles at 2 years of age, no complications. Present Illness.\p=m-\Duringthe past two weeks she has had fever, has become more and more pale and weak; complained of pain in the abdomen. Physical Examination.\p=m-\Child apathetic; marked grayish white pallor; puffiness of the face, especially the eyelids; all the mucous membranes are very pale. Sciera bluish, not yellowish. No distinct enlargement of the lymph nodes. Heart: No murmur, no marked enlargement; regular but rapid (130). Lungs: Negative. Abdomen: Negative; liver and spleen not enlarged. Extremities: On the back of the left calf is an ecchymotic spot 2 cm. in diameter. Examination of the Blood.-November 4 : hemoglobin (Dare) 25 per cent. ; red blood cells, 750,000; white blood cells, 2,500; polymorphonuclears, 25 per cent. ; lymphocytes, 72 per cent. ; no myelocytes. The red cells show slight changes in form, size and color. No nucleated red cells. The results of the examination of the blood at various times are given in Table 1. Clinical Course.-As the child appeared to be moribund, she received a transfusion of 380 c.c. blood (father). To our great surprise she rallied, and made a gradual but progressive improvement. November 7 : Distinct improvement, less pallor, apathy and irritability ; improvement in appetite. Pirquet and Wassermann tests negative. Examina¬ tion of fundus (Dr. Barnert) : no hemorrhages. Urine: acid; specific gravity, 1.014; trace of albumin; occasional hyaline cast and a few white blood cells; no urobilin. Feces : no blood, parasites, or ova. Roentgenologic Examination (Dr. Scholz)-Chest: moderate swelling of the root glands ; slight increase in upper mediastinal shadow ; moderate enlargement of the heart to the left. Arm : increased porosity of the bones, moderate diffuse atrophy. November 11 : Rise in temperature to 106 F., no apparent cause. November 12 : Spleen just palpable. November 16: Spleen distinctly palpable. November 14: Rise in temperature to 105.5 F.; no visible cause. November 16 : A large ecchymotic spot appeared on the left side of the neck 3 cm. in diameter. November 18 : Tonsils red and slightly enlarged.

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It stands to reason that a criterion is needed that can serve as a common denominator for weighing or assessing different values or ideals. Dignity is offered as a possible candidate, to be presented from religio-legal and cross-cultural vantages. A definition will be offered for dignity and its parts defended throughout the paper. The approach is not only not rigorously analytic-there are no case studies-but is instead a presentation of topic areas where we should expect to find the concept of dignity to be relevant. Utilizing a rights-moral and duties-ethical framework, it is in essence an argument for further elevating the prestige of dignity so that it might provide a widely-accepted groundwork for ethics and morality.