This paper presents the resu[ts of an investigation ofIwo-phase, gas-liquid flow in horizontal pipelines. Experimental data were taken in three field-size, horizontal pipelines, two of which were constructed for this purpose. The data were obtained using water, distillate and crude oi! separately as the liquid phase, and natural gas as~he second phase. Experimental pressure-length traverse, liquid holdup and f?ow-pattern data were collected jor each set of flow rates, These data were used to deve[op three correlations that are presented herein. The liquid-ho[dup values correlated with various flu w parameters without regard to the existing flow pattern. The same was true for the energy-loss factors. A new flow-pattern map is presented that appears to be quire reliable, but not required for the pressure-loss calculations.The liquid-holdup correlation and /he energy-loss factor correlation are used in conjunction with a twe-phase flow power balance, developed during this study, to predict tite pressure bsses that occur during gas-iiquid f70w in horizontal pipelines. A recommended calctdational procedure is given, as weU as a statistical analysis of the results, This procedure lends itself to computer application, since several small pressure decremen [s are needed 10 calculate a pressure-length traverse. The correlations are shown graphically, but may be curve fitted with existing curve-f?tting computer programs,

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The crystal structure of miargyrite (8AgSbS~., Cc, a=12.862, b=4.411, c=13.220 A__0.1%, fl= 98°38 ' __+ 0.5') was determined by three-dimensional least-squares techniques. The Ag and Sb atoms lie near the alternate positions of the Pb atoms in galena, but the S atoms are displaced greatly from those in galena resulting in a threefold coordination for the two Sb atoms (2.58, 2.58, and 2.53 A for one and 2.48, 2.49, and 2.54 A for the other), twofold for one of the Ag atoms (2.36 and 2.46 A) and threefold for the other (2.44, 2.50, and 2.58 A). The coordination of the Sb atoms is closely similar to those in livingstonite (HgSb4Ss), jamesonite (Pb4FeSb6S14), stibnite (Sb~S3), pyrargyrite (AgaSbS3), freieslebenite (PbAgSbS3), and wolfsbergite (CuSbS2). The coordinations of the Ag atoms are similar to those in pyrargyrite (Ag3SbS3), proustite (AgzAsSa), stromeyerite (AgCuS) and freieslebenite (PbAgSbSa).

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Copper-tin sulphides I T is well known that copper and tin form complex sulphides. In two preliminary studies, Moh (1960, 1963) identified four phases in the system Cu-Sn-S. Both Cu2SnS 3 and Cu2Sn2S 5 are on the join Cu2S-SnS 2. Cu2SnS 3 is characterized by a tetragonal-cubic transition at 780~ whereas CuESnES 5 exhibits an extensive range of solid solution between Cu2SnS 3 and SnS 2. The other two phases, CusSnS4 and CusSnS6, are stable below 600 ~ Subsequent studies suggested that Cu2SnES 5 and CusSnS4 be discarded (Wang, 1974), and seven new copper-tin sulphides were proposed: