Passive protection of infant mice against murine rotavirus was achieved with use of immunoglobulins from the eggs of chickens. Immunoglobulins were obtained by vaccinating hens with simian rotavirus, collecting the eggs after a high level of immunoglobulins was reached in the hen's serum, and isolating the water-soluble fraction from these eggs. The water-soluble fraction was then given twice daily to three-day-old mice to protect them from infection with murine rotavirus. The protection was found to decrease the infection rate from 90% to 15% with use of a standard dose of virus.
Infectious virus resembling type D simian retrovirus (SRV) was isolated from Ethiopian baboons (Papio cynocephalus) (SRV-Pc) housed at the University of Washington Regional Primate Research Center. When baboon peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or tissues were cocultured with the H-9 human T-cell line or the Raji human B-cell line, large multinucleated syncytia positive for SRV-2 antigens were observed microscopically. Immunoblot analysis of purified SRV-Pc from cell culture supernatants demonstrated that the viral core and envelope proteins reacted with rabbit anti-SRV-2 serum. Fresh PBMC and cocultured cells were positive by polymerase chain reaction using two different sets of SRV-2 primers. Preliminary sequence analysis of two separate isolates from portions of the SRV-Pc p27 and gp20 regions revealed homology with SRV-1, SRV-2, and Mason-Pfizer monkey virus. The homologies in the p27 segment were 91-94% and the homologies in the gp20 segment were 72-75%.
Sera from humans with serologically confirmed eastern equine encephalitis, western equine encephalitis, Pogosta (Ockelbo), Mayaro, Ross River, and chikungunya virus infections were tested by immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody capture enzyme immunoassay. Diagnostically useful IgM antibody titers were detected, and selected sera with high IgM antibody titers were tested for IgM antibody with nine heterologous alphaviruses. The results provide evidence for the complex specificity of IgM antibody and indicate the usefulness of this test in both individual cases and epidemic situations.
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