Calcined clay has become the supplementary cementitious materials with the greatest potential to reduce the clinker/cement. In this research, the mechanical strengths and sulphate resistance of blended cements with a high content of calcined clay as a pozzolanic addition were evaluated to demonstrate that these cements could be designed as CEM (cement) type IV/A-SR and IV/B-SR cements by the current European standard UNE-EN 197-1: 2011. The blended cements were prepared by two Portland cements (P1 and PY6) with different mineralogical compositions and a calcined clay. The level of replacement was greater than 40% by weight. The results obtained confirm the decrease in the mechanical strengths and the increase in the sulfate resistance of the two Portland cements when they are replaced by calcined clay at a level of replacement greater than 40%. These results are a consequence of the chemical effect from the pozzolanic activity of the calcined clay. Therefore, there is an important decrease in portlandite levels of paste liquid phase that causes the increase in sulfate resistance and the decrease of the mechanical strengths.
The rheological behaviour of fresh Portland cement (PC) pastes with different chemical and potential mineralogical compositions was analysed when were blended with crystalline mineral additions (fillers). These two fillers were very different: a siliceous, Q, a-quartz type, and another limestone, C. Trials were conducted during latent hydration at 25 °C. The findings showed that apparent viscosity was higher in the PC with low C 3 A and high C 3 S content, consequently, the Na 2 O eq .(%) content of everyone also contributed very significantly. Moreover, it was also observed that the incorporation of each filler affects differently the rheological behaviour of fresh cement pastes. The different influence is due to the different physical and chemical properties of each filler (nature, chemical composition and character and texture intimate of the particles), and also of the type of PC to interact. Finally and at these very early ages, both fillers stimulated the hydration of the PC which they were mixed by direct and non-direct way, and in the case of C filler by indirect way as well, but without any pozzolanic activity. Despite the fact that blended cement P1/Q 60/40 has proved to be a ''false positive" in Frattini test.
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