Soaking of sorghum seeds at 30°C in 0.05M sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide removed 75-85% of the tannins in 24 hr. Treatment at 100°C increased the rate of extraction and reduced the time required to leach 75-85% tannins from 24 hr to 20 min. Under similar conditions, 0.05M sodium carbonate removed 77% whereas soaking in distilled water removed only 30%. Dry matter loss due to the treatments with alkaline reagents ranged from 1.2-2.3%. Extraction of tannins in 0.05M alkaline solution at 100°C for 20 min improved in vitro protein digestibility of high tannin seeds 2~5 fold as compared to untreated seeds.
Protein, tannin, and free amino acid contents were higher during early seed development and decreased during subsequent stages in low and high tannin sorghum seeds. The starch accumulation increased progressively up to seed maturity. The high tannin seeds contained relatively less starch as compared to low tannin seeds. Decrease in albumin + globulin resulted in increase in prolamin and residual proteins during maturation. The low tannin seeds had higher proportion of prolamin as compared to high tannin seeds. The recovery of proteins was higher in low tannin seeds as compared to high tannin seeds. Tannins were found to be associated with all the protein fractions.known. The high protein-high lysine lines of sorghum (Axtell et al.
Infrared spectra of microbially synthesized, acid labile, inorganic P compounds extracted from soils provided additional evidence that they are inorganic polyphosphates (poly P). Incubation studies with glucose amended soils demonstrated the transient nature of naturally occurring poly P. Experiments are reported on the conditions which optimize poly P synthesis in soil. A 2‐week incubation period (preincubation) with a source of carbon (2% glucose or 4% straw) and a further 2‐day incubation period (postincubation) after adding a source of ortho P resulted in the maximum accumulation of poly P. The quantity of poly P also increased with increasing rates of orthophosphate from none to 1,000 µg soil/g. Longer periods of postincubation reduced poly P accumulation. Poly P synthesis was greater when relatively insoluble sources of P were added to soils and accumulation followed the order; FePO4 · 2H2O > rock phosphate > Ca(H2PO4)2 · H2O > KH2PO4. These results suggest that poly P synthesis may accompany P solubilization in soils and be an integral part of the soil P cycle.
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