This research work examined the geochemical, index, and strength properties of lateritic residual soils from granitic parent rock in Akure, southwestern Nigeria. The aim is to underscore the potential use of such soils as engineering fills materials. The geochemical method involved the use of X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). The major oxides determined from this analysis were used for the geochemical quantifications of the soils. Analysis of soil index properties involved consistency limits, grain size distribution and specific gravity tests, while the strength analysis involved compaction and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests. Results obtained from the index analysis classified the soil profile into behavioral groups VII and VI. These indicates that the soils are of high to intermediate plasticity and compressibility. The UCS values vary from 272.6 to 377.2 kPa while the shear strength values range from 138.8 to 188.6kPa, indicating good bearing capacity. The geochemical results revealed iron-oxide variations as the major influential constituent within the soil profile. Furthermore, the more lateriterizad zones correspond with the more competent horizons. The residual soils from the study area are found to be suitable materials in engineering construction works as Sanitary landfills and Subgrade materials.
The influence of the weight of grog on some refractory properties of raw Abusoro clay samples found in Abusoro Village, Ondo State, Nigeria was evaluated. These samples were presented for refractory tests (apparent porosity, linear shrinkage, refractoriness, bulk density and cold crushing strength). The weights of the grog were varied from 20-40 wt. % in the blend. The chemical and microstructural examinations of the untreated alumino-silicate Abusoro clay samples indicated that they are abundant in silica, SiO2 (62.74wt. %) and alumina, Al2O3 (31.42wt. %). Other minor compounds found are Fe2O3 (1.43%), K2O (0.30%) with no trace amounts of MgO (0.00); therefore, they are regarded as alumino-silicate. Particular observation is made on MgO with zero amounts and the total of K2O + Na2O + MgO which are less than 2% in the clay samples. These results signify that the clay possesses high viability for manufacturing of refractory bricks, pulp and paper, ceramics, fertilizers, paint and cement. The performance evaluations of the refractory bricks measured indicated acceptable and satisfactory results vis-à-vis standard refractory properties for refractory fireclay bricks. However, the apparent porosity (43.2%) and CCS (21.21MPa) obtained for Abusoro clay sample at 30% weight of grog may as well be suitable for insulating refractory applications. The high apparent porosity could be an indication of high content of silicon oxide in the raw clay.
This study was carried out at Federal Polytechnic; Ado Ekiti in Ekiti state on geochemical appraisal of three different genetically derived lateritic soils from south western Nigeria and their respective engineering performance in 2019. Twelve (12) disturbed soil samples were collected from granite (GDS), gneiss (GNS) and migmatite (MGS) rock terrains. These samples were collected at four different horizons of 0.5m intervals, resulting into a maximum depth of 2.0m for each of the three trial pits for geochemical analysis. The results showed that the soil samples were characterized by high proportion of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 with an average (SiO2 + Al2O3 + Fe2O3) of 94.8% with trace amounts of MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, P2O5, TiO2 and K2O, indicating a high depletion degree. The geochemical quantification results showed that laterization range from 0.68 to 1.66%, Clayeness from 0.37 to 0.53 %, Siliceousness from 1.88 to 2.70%, Stabilization from 34.30 to 56.57%, Bonding Strength 36.29 to 57.80%, and Weathering Indices from 84.42 to 96.44. The results showed that the GDS has highest Clayeyeness, bonding strength, stabilization, best laterization and lowest siliceousness properties, indicating lowest permeability, best bearing capacity and mechanical stability followed by MGS and GNS, respectively. This result revealed that GDS and MGS soils are more suitable as mineral seal while GNS possesses preferred properties as foundation fills.
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