Introduction: Malaria parasite infection has remained a global leading cause of death and disability in which about 50% of the world population is estimated to be at risk, especially in low and middle income countries. Aim: This research is designed to evaluate the pharmacognostic, phytochemical profile, and investigate its antimalarial activity by analysing different hematological indices of the methanolic bark extract of Daniellia oliveri, a plant belonging to the family of fabaceae. Methods: The barks of this plants were collected, cleared, dried, pulverized and sequentially extracted with petroleum ether, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous using the soxhlet extractor. Acute toxicity studies (LD50) for the methanol bark extract was studied using standard method. Phytochemical and pharmacognostic screening was carried out using standard methods, its hematological analysis were investigated using standard methods. The antimalarial activity of the methanol bark extract Daniellia oliveri, was evaluated at different doses of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg using in-vivo models. Results: The plant is a tall slender tree with a dark grey colour. The following extractive values were obtained petroleum ether (0.600±0.10), n-hexane (0.667±0.88), ethyl acetate (1.600±0.10), methanol (8.400±0.10) and aqueous (6.200±0.10).The methanol extract had the hightest extractive value and was found to be non-toxic at dose 5000mg/kg. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses reveals the presence of alkaloids (10.179±0.61), saponins (1.674±0.43), tannins (10.738±0.61), flavonoids (3.923±0.15), steroids (2.665±0.07), phenols (134.604±14.83), terpenoids (22.436±4.87), glycosides (14.485±0.08), reducing sugars (4.138±1.36), soluble carbohydrates but absence of cyanogenic glycosides The pharmacognostic parameters values were obtained as follows, total ash value (5.600±0.10), acid insoluble ash value (2.800±0.88), water soluble ash value (0.500±0.10), moisture content (13.933±0.12), bitterness value , foaming index (less than 100), swelling index (2.867±0.99). Conclusion: This result has shown that the hematological analysis carried out exhibited significant improvement in PCV, RBC and Hb when administered the plant extract compared to the standard group. It exhibited significant increase in platelet and lymphocyte while reduction in neutrophil compared to the standard group. The increased hematological indices indicate a better transportation capacity of the red blood cells and this should be attributed to the antimalarial properties of the extract. Also, the white blood differential count indicates a boost in the immune system of the treated P. berghei infected mice. This study justifies the ethno-medicinal use of D. oliveri in the management of malaria.
Introduction: Ulcer has remained a persistent discomforting illness commonly causes by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori and prolonged or excessive use of anti-inflammatory pain killers like aspirin. While existing cases are difficult to treat and ,treat new cases are being diagnosed. Current treatments do not seem to be giving much hope to patients. Natural product and plant-based preparation are offering some measure of hope. Allophylus africanus has been reported to be effective in traditional medicine as an anti-ulcer agent. Objectives of the Study: This research aims to evaluate the antiulcer properties of the crude methanol extract of the leaf of the plant. Methodology: The plant material was extracted using the cold maceration. Methods: The acute toxicity was investigated according to Lorke’s method, while antiulcer activity was evaluated using stress and ethanol models, Omeprazole (200 mg/ml) was the reference drug. Phytochemical analysis of the crude extract was carried out using standard methods. Results: The crude extract is non-toxic at a below 5000 mg/kg dose. Preliminary phytochemical tests showed the presence of alkaloids. Saponins, tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates, proteins, terpenoids etc. There was no significant between the activity of the standard drug (omeprazole 20mg/kg) and the crude extract (500 mg/kg) at (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: A. africanus has ulcer prevention activity and its use in the treatment of ulcer in ethnomedicine is justified.
Background: Combretum platypterum (Welw.) Hutch. & Dalziel. (Combretaceae) leaves are used in treatment of jaundice and hepatitis in South-Eastern Nigeria. Evaluations of the nutritional composition of medicinal plants can enhance their profile as sources of food and medicines. This research aims to determine the proximate composition, minerals, vitamins, and anti-nutrients contents of Combretum platypterum (Welw.) Hutch. & Dalziel (Combretaceae) leaves. Methods: Proximate, minerals, and vitamins analysis are done according to the standard methods described by AOAC. Spectrophotometric methods and AAS were used to determined minerals. For the ANFs, oxalate concentration was determined using the permanganate titration method, phytate determination was based on the analysis of phosphorus in a ferric phytate complex, assuming a constant 4Fe: 6P molecular ratio in the complex. Tannins, trypsin inhibitors, and hemagglutinins were evaluated using other standard methods. Results: Mineral content: Cal 1.14 mg/100g, Mg1.58 mg/100g, Mn 0.268 mg/100g, Cu 0.176 mg/100g, Zn 5.9 mg/100g, Se 0.957 mg/100g, Fe 3.596 mg/100g, K 1.537 mg/100g, Na 0.6 mg/100g, phosphorus 0.58mg/100g. Proximate analysis: protein 3.327 %, moisture 4.45 %, ash 2.65%, fibre 4.3%, fat 2.20 %, carbohydrates 83.07 %. Anti-nutrients content: oxalate: 0.577mg/100g, phytate 0.567mg/100g, hemagglutinin 0.428HU/mg, tannins 123.53 mg/100g), trypsin inhibitor 0.647±.003HIU/mg. Vitamin analysis: Vitamin C 0.328 mg/100g, vitamin D 0.227 mg/100g, vitamin E 0.59 mg/100g, vitamin K 0.137 mg/100g, and vitamin A (retinol) 4.507 µg/g Conclusion: Combretum platypterum (Welw.) Hutch. & Dalziel (Combretaceae) leaves are rich in proximate elements, vitamins and essential minerals and low levels of antinutrients.
Background: The role of phytochemicals in modern medicine is abundant with more evidence being published. Triumfetta cordifolia is a local plant known for its vast medicinal applications in traditional medicine with limited documented evidence. This study thus aims to evaluate the leaves of Triumfetta cordifolia to determine its Pharmacognostic parameters and hepatoprotective potential. Methodology: The leaves were collected, identified, dried and subsequently pulverized before maceration in methanol. This was followed by fractionation using different solvent with increasing polarities (n-hexane, n-butanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous methanol). Physicochemical evaluations such as macroscopy, organoleptic tests, qualitative phytochemical analysis and total phenolic content was subsequently conducted on the extracts. Finally, an acute toxicity test and hepatoprotective evaluation was performed, the latter using carbon tetrachloride. Results: The leaves Triumfetta cordifolia on macroscopic evaluation shown a simple, alternate, stipules triangular, densely stellate hairy leaves. The organoleptic evaluation indicated a pungent aromatic smell and a slightly bitter taste. Several phytochemicals such as tannins, saponins, glycosides, steroids and flavonoids were identified qualitatively.The extracts was safe at a dose less than 5,000mg/kg. The ethyl acetate fraction showed consistent hepatoprotective activity at a concentration of 400 mg/kg when compared to Gallic acid (positive control). This was possibly due to its high composition of phenolic compounds which was recorded during the study. Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of Triumfetta cordifolia leaves exhibited a hepatoprotective effect thus showcasing the potential benefits of the plant in mitigating liver damage. More research is however needed to identify specific compounds being extracted that may be responsible for the activity recorded in this study.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.