Serum lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins A and B were measured in 101 epileptic patients receiving chronic treatment with valproic acid, carbamazepine or phenobarbital and in 75 age- and sex-matched control subjects. In relation to controls, subjects treated with valproic acid showed significantly lower values of total and LDL-cholesterol levels; subjects treated with carbamazepine showed significantly higher values of HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A concentrations and subjects treated with phenobarbital showed significantly higher values of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and apolipoprotein B levels. The total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio was significantly lower in patients receiving valproic acid or carbamazepine but not in the phenobarbital-treated group. Changes in serum lipids profile did not correlate with drug plasma concentrations nor the duration of the treatment.

FM is associated with an increased risk of suicide and suicide attempts. Suicidal behaviour seems to be related with the global severity of the disease.

Both dietary interventions were associated with similar beneficial outcomes in reducing gluten sensitivity symptoms and other secondary outcomes. However, despite its specificity, GFD was not superior to HCD in reducing the number of gluten sensitivity symptoms or secondary outcomes.

Objective. The present study attempted to fill a research gap by performing the first dimensionality analysis of the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) using exploratory and confirmatory techniques. A second objective was to report on the reliability and construct validity of the FIQR in Spanish patients. Methods. FIQR data from a sample of adult fibromyalgia patients (n ‫؍‬ 113) were analyzed using principal components analysis (PCA). Subsequently, a set of confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) was conducted in another sample (n ‫؍‬ 179) to analyze the goodness of fit of various factor models. FIQR reliability was assessed by computing Cronbach's alpha and coefficient H. Construct validity was evaluated by comparing the FIQR scores of participants categorized by employment status. Results. According to the PCA, the FIQR structure might be described as having 1 global factor of functional impairment. Although subsequent CFAs confirmed that 1 factor accounted for the greatest proportion of common variance in the FIQR items, a confirmatory bifactor analysis indicated that the items were multidimensional because of their simultaneous significant loading on specific factors. The Cronbach's alpha values of the FIQR domains were very good (>0.80) and the H estimate for the FIQR total score was excellent (0.93). Overall, the FIQR domains were able to distinguish between patients differing in employment status (working outside the home versus on sick leave). Conclusion. Our results indicate that the Spanish version of the FIQR has a complex factor structure, has excellent reliability, and shows good construct validity.

At the dose and number of sessions used in this study, ozone therapy by rectal insufflation seems to be beneficial for physical symptoms and depression of fibromyalgia.