O manejo de plantas daninhas na cultura do abacaxi é uma prática indispensável, sendo o controle químico cada vez mais utilizado, uma vez que permite o controle eficiente e não danifica as raízes da cultura. Todavia, há poucos trabalhos sobre interferência de herbicidas no crescimento da cultura; portanto, visando avaliar os efeitos de amicarbazone e diuron + paraquat, estes foram aplicados diretamente sobre as plantas, sendo os efeitos mensurados através da taxa de fluorescência da clorofila a e dos teores de clorofila a, clorofila b e carotenóides, além da avaliação de altura e biomassa seca de parte aérea (Wpa). O herbicida amicarbazone promoveu declínio nos teores de pigmentos fotossintéticos, não se verificando a mesma interferência para as variáveis altura e Wpa; no entanto, o herbicida diuron + paraquat foi letal para a cultura, haja vista a redução nos teores de clorofilas a e b e carotenóides, além da impossibilidade da medição da altura e Wpa (aos 120 DAT) em função da morte das plantas aos 30 DAT, o que demonstra certa seletividade do amicarbazone à cultura do abacaxi.
Imazapyr has been used to control stump sprouting in stand of Eucalyptus plantations, where herbicide is applied to the tree trunk before cutting. The herbicide is applied exclusively on the stump to be killed, but little is known about the final fate of the molecule. Imazapyr exudation via roots of eucalypt grown in soil as the substrate was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Different herbicide doses (0.000, 0.375, 0.750, 1.125, 1.500, and 3.000 kg ha-1 a.i.) were applied on the aerial parts of 8-month-old Eucalyptus grandis clonal seedlings, cultivated in pots with 18.0 dm³ of soil. Forty days after this treatment, the eucalypt plants were cut and a lateral opening in the containers was made and the plants inclined 90º, with plants sensitive to herbicide presence (sorghum and cucumber) sown into the openings along the exposed soil surface. After 15-day sowing, toxicity symptoms on the shoots as well as the shoot and root system dry biomass of the bio-indicators were evaluated. The results suggest that eucalypt roots do exude imazapyr, and/or its metabolites, at concentrations high enough to cause toxicity to the bio-indicators. Toxicity effects were observed in all plants sown along the exposed soil profile of the container, with higher intensity at higher doses.
-Imazapyr has presented excellent results in controlling coppices in stand reforms of eucalypt forests, despite differences in the efficacy levels. To find out whether these different responses are caused by the genetic variability of the cultivated materials, two experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions with different imazapyr doses in a hydroponic system in plastic vases containing 2,500 mL solution. The clones IEF-1 (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus sp. hybrid), GE 463 (E. urophylla x E. grandis), and MN 445 (E. grandis x Eucalyptus sp. hybrid) were used in the first assay, and IEF-1, IEF-2 (E. grandis x E. urophylla) x Eucalyptus sp. hybrid) and the clones 129 and 7182 (E. grandis x Eucalyptus sp. hybrids) in the second assay. Thirty days after transplanting the seedlings to a nutritive solution, imazapyr was applied to the solution at doses of 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, 0.80, 1.60 and 3.20 µL L -1. Clone GE 463 proved to be more tolerant to imazapyr than clones IEF-1 and MN 445 in the first assay; however, in the second, clone 7182 was the most tolerant. Thus, doses should also be differentiated when controlling coppices, according to the cultivated clone. de 0,00; 0,05; 0,10; 0,20; 0,40; 0,80; 1,60; e 3,20
RESUMO -Com o objetivo de avaliar diferentes manejos de plantas daninhas no plantio direto da soja, cultivada sobre palha de milheto (manejada com rolo-faca ou glyphosate), foram realizados dois experimentos com dois cultivares de soja (Conquista e Celeste) e aplicação em pós-emergência da mistura formulada dos herbicidas fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen (0, 100+125 e 200+250 g ha -1 ). Por meio da análise de variância conjunta dos experimentos, verificou-se predominância de diferentes espécies de plantas daninhas em função do manejo dado ao milheto, sendo a maior infestação destas verificada sob o manejo com rolo-faca associado à ausência de controle na cultura da soja. Há a possibilidade da redução da dose de fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen para o controle de plantas daninhas na soja, desde que precedida da aplicação de glyphosate para formação da palha de milheto. Sob esta condição, verificou-se maior controle das espécies daninhas, em relação ao manejo mecânico (rolo-faca), resultando em maior produtividade da cultura, devido à maior quantidade de vagens por planta e de grãos por vagem.Palavras-chave: cobertura morta, fluazifop-p-butil, fomesafen, glyphosate, rolo-faca. ABSTRACT -The aim of this study was to evaluate different types of management methods under soybean no-tillage cultivated over pearl millet straw (managed with cutting-roller or glyphosate). Two experiments were carried out with two soybean cultivars (Conquista and Celeste)and post-emergence application of the formulated mixture of the herbicides fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen (0, 100+125 and 200+250 g ha -1
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