One of the most exotic light neutron-rich nuclei currently accessible for experimental study is 40 Mg, which lies at the intersection of the nucleon magic number N =28 and the neutron drip-line. Low-lying excited states of 40 Mg have been studied for the first time following a one-proton removal reaction from 41 Al, performed at RIBF RIKEN with the DALI2 γ-ray array and the Zero-Degree spectrometer. Two γ-ray transitions were observed, suggesting an excitation spectrum which shows unexpected properties compared to both the systematics along the Z=12, N ≥20 Mg isotopes and available state-of-the-art theoretical model predictions. A possible explanation for the observed structure involves weak-binding effects in the low-lying excitation spectrum.

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) with sophisticated units that implement a gating mechanism have emerged as powerful technique for modeling sequential signals such as speech or electroencephalography (EEG). The latter is the focus on this paper. A significant big data resource, known as the TUH EEG Corpus (TUEEG), has recently become available for EEG research, creating a unique opportunity to evaluate these recurrent units on the task of seizure detection. In this study, we compare two types of recurrent units: long short-term memory units (LSTM) and gated recurrent units (GRU). These are evaluated using a state of the art hybrid architecture that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with RNNs. We also investigate a variety of initialization methods and show that initialization is crucial since poorly initialized networks cannot be trained. Furthermore, we explore regularization of these convolutional gated recurrent networks to address the problem of overfitting. Our experiments revealed that convolutional LSTM networks can achieve significantly better performance than convolutional GRU networks. The convolutional LSTM architecture with proper initialization and regularization delivers 30% sensitivity at 6 false alarms per 24 hours.

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The use of administrative segregation in prison is a controversial correctional policy. Proponents argue this type of housing is necessary for maintaining institutional safety and order, whereas critics contend it is damaging to inmate mental health. Despite the increase in academic attention over the last decade, there is much that remains unknown about the uses and effects of this practice. This study addresses this gap in knowledge by content-analyzing the administrative segregation policies of 48 state and federal prison systems. The results provide evidence of consistency and discrepancy across key elements of these policies, including placement criteria and review procedures. Findings further highlight how basic information regarding mental health provisions and conditions of confinement are missing from a substantial number of policies. This investigation emphasizes a need for more governmental accountability and transparency in the use of this correctional policy and identifies several areas for future research.

A more detailed test of the implementation of nuclear forces that drive shell evolution in the pivotal nucleus 42 Si-going beyond earlier comparisons of excited-state energies-is important. The two leading shell-model effective interactions, SDPF-MU and SDPF-U-Si, both of which reproduce the low-lying 42 Si(2 + 1) energy, but whose predictions for other observables differ significantly, are interrogated by the population of states in neutron-rich 42 Si with a one-proton removal reaction from 43 P projectiles at 81 MeV/nucleon. The measured cross sections to the individual 42 Si final states are compared to calculations that combine eikonal reaction dynamics with these shell-model nuclear structure overlaps. The differences in the two shell-model descriptions are examined and linked to predicted low-lying excited 0 + states and shape coexistence. Based on the present data, which are in better agreement with the SDPF-MU calculations, the state observed at 2150(13) keV in 42 Si is proposed to be the (0 + 2) level.

The challenge of providing high-quality public defense services continues to be a concern at federal, state, and local levels. Some scholars have alluded to a potential solution in client-centered representation, but research in this area is sparse at best. Such a lack of understanding leaves in its place speculation, particularly as to the potential importance of client perceptions in shaping broader system legitimacy. To fill this gap and create an empirical platform for future research, an exploratory pilot study was launched with the Hamilton County, Ohio Public Defender's Office, which used mixed methodologies to assess client attitudes toward public defenders as a potential resource for aiding the improvement of indigent representation. Findings from this pilot study suggest that there are five factors a public defense attorney should address that may prove to be very important in obtaining client satisfaction and cooperation: engaging the client for input, listening to the client, examining the prosecutor's evidence, focusing on the client's case during meetings, and informing the client of potential consequences. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.

Recent scholarship suggests disciplinary protocols and incarcerated individuals’ perceptions of procedural justice toward correctional officers may be important in influencing one’s behavior and prison order. This study provides an examination of procedural and distributive justice in prison. We surveyed a stratified random sample of 144 respondents incarcerated in Maine state prisons about their perceptions toward the disciplinary process and corrections officers to assess the relationship between such views and patterns of institutional misconduct. Findings provide partial support for the procedural justice perspective in prison. Normative perceptions (e.g., legitimacy) are positively associated with voluntary deference measures while instrumental perceptions of officer effectiveness in controlling behavior are positively associated with respondent perceived risk. These results supply insight into theory development related to voluntary deference. Similarly, these findings can inform which relationships between officers and respondents may hold the potential to promote rule compliance and prison order.

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