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Summary A double blind trial of prednisolone treatment was carried out on 95 children with clinical evidence of epidemic bronchiolitis. The trial showed that there was no difference between the prednisoIone and the placebo group in the duration of symptoms and signs. Eighty‐four per cent of children were shown to be infected with respiratory syncytial virus. Prednisolone in the dosage used did not affect the antibody response to infection. The presence of maternal antibody to respiratory syncytial virus, while not preventing infection, reduced the number of active antibody responses in children aged 3 months or younger. Eight children had a double infection with respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus which lengthened their average stay in hospital by two days and the overall duration of illness by more than three days.

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