A theoretical methodology promising improved design of vacuum insulation in high-voltage pulsedpower systems is described. It consists of shaping the electromagnetic fields within the system in such a way that charged particles which can in principle initiate vacuum surface breakdown are deflected away from the insulator surface, and secondary electrons, if emitted, are prevented from restriking the surface. Thus, vacuum surface breakdown is prevented before it is able to develop. Our methodology is presented here by a set of case studies.
In electron-emitting nonuniform transmission lines at currents sufficient to support magnetic insulation, it is possible to maintain regular Brillouin electron flow by matching the vacuum impedances of various parts of the transmission line and by ensuring adiabatic transition between them. This idea, first demonstrated numerically in the design of the Brillouin diode (BD), is extended to the structure of the pair known as knob and dustbin. Rather than shunting current to the walls, a "designer" knob-dustbin allows regular flow of the entire current to the BD. Index Terms-Brillouin flow, magnetic insulation, transmission line.
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