Current use of SSRI/SNRI is associated with an increased risk of all caused fractures. Additionally, the co-morbidity, especially osteoporosis and a history of falling, plays an important role in the risk of fractures.

W e compared the mechanical properties of normal and reconstructed heel pads in seven patients. Four had latissimus dorsi flaps and one each an anterior thigh flap, a local dorsalis pedis flap and a sural arterial flap. The thickness of the heel pad was measured under serial incremental loads of 0.5 kg to a maximum of 3 kg and then relaxed sequentially. The load-displacement curve of the heel pad during a loading-unloading cycle was plotted and from this the unloaded heel-pad thickness (UHPT), compressibility index (CI), elastic modulus (Ep), and energy dissipation ratio (EDR) were calculated. The EDR was significantly increased in the reconstructed heels (53.7 ± 18% v 23.4 ± 6.5%, p = 0.003) indicating that in them more energy is dissipated as heat. Insufficient functional capacity in the reconstructed heel pad can lead to the development of shock-induced discomfort and ulceration.

The aim of this study was to the measure resonance frequency of the patellar tendon in order to determine whether the resonance frequency exists in the soft tissue of the human body. A vibrator was attached to the medial aspect of the tibia of 10 healthy subjects to provide different frequencies of vibration, and an accelerometer was attached to the patellar tendon to measure the vibration of the patellar tendon. Measurements were obtained at 0 degrees , 60 degrees and 90 degrees of knee flexion. A mean resonance frequency of 22.5+/-0.8, 23.0+0.7 and 24.0+0.8 Hz was produced in the right patellar tendon when the knee joint was at 0 degrees , 60 degrees and 90 degrees of flexion, respectively. The increase in resonance frequency from 0 degrees to 60 degrees was not statistically significant. However, the increase from 60 degrees to 90 degrees was significant (P<0.05). No differences in the measured parameters were evident for the left and right patellar tendons. These results indicate that resonance frequencies exist in soft tissues of the body and that this characteristic may be useful in detecting changes in soft tissue physical properties.

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