Two titania slags, rutile and synthetic rutile were chlorinated with petroleum coke and CO in a small bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The study aims to identify differences in chlorination mechanism, compare conversion rates, blowover and the chlorination of impurities for the various titania feedstocks at different temperatures.Chlorination rates were highest at 1000ºC; rutile chlorination significantly increases as temperature increases from 800ºC to 1000ºC. At 1000ºC, synthetic rutile had the highest chlorination conversion rate; this was followed by Slag B which in turn was more reactive than Slag A and rutile. The mechanism for slag, synthetic rutile (SR) and rutile chlorination differs. Synthetic rutile feed is porous, providing a larger surface area for the chlorination reaction, hence the highest conversion rates was attained. Titania slag becomes porous with the initial chlorination of FeO and MnO whilst rutile remains solid. As the porosity of slag particles increases so does its tendency to be elutriated. Ti 2 O 3 is oxidized within the early stages of chlorination during the chlorination of FeO and MnO. Ti 2 O 3 not oxidized is then rapidly chlorinated.
A B S T R A C TI n this study, the influence of mechanical surface treatments on the Sandelin Phenomenon in silicon containing steels was investigated. For this purpose, various surface topographies with/without deformed zones were produced on the steel samples with different silicon contents by applying mechanical surface treatments such as grinding, and polishing in addition to conventional pickling. Hot-dip galvanized coatings formed on the conditioned surfaces were examined through cross-sections with optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that surface topography is the main factor controlling the stability of a hot-dip galvanizing coating and a surface topography with intermediate roughness and sharp asperities formed with abrasive particles in the range of 100 -270 μm can produce suitable coatings on the silicon containing steels.
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