India tops the world in aquaculture production next to China. The present blue revolution envisages tripling fish production of India by 2020, which necessitates effective resource utilization. The aquaculture resources of a country cannot only be limited to land and water availability but also to its species diversity, workforce and infrastructure facilities. Though Indian aquaculture has registered increased production in the past few years, the productivity in terms of water and manpower resources remain very low. There is also, a need for diversification of species for mariculture activities. Hence, this paper examines the status of Indian aquaculture from a global perspective to sort out ways for enhancing productivity.
Knowledge on the quality of male and female gametes which may affect fertilisation success and larval survival is necessary to enhance fish production to meet global demand. Gamete quality is affected by factors like sex ratio, stocking density, age, size, nutrition and feeding regime. In the present study, the spermatological and fertilisation parameters as influenced by the age of brooders of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 developed under captive condition from a single population were studied with special reference to dilution ratios. Milt was collected from 6, 12 and 18 months old brooders of C. carpio and diluted at three ratios viz., 1:40, 1:80 and 1:120 using freshwater fish saline. Sperm density, spermatocrit value, seminal plasma composition, motility duration, fecundity, fertilisation and hatching rates were studied for brooders of all age groups. The results showed that milt from 12 months old brooder produced good quality milt in terms of motility duration (69.66±4.72 sec), fertilisation rate (91.3±3.05%) and hatching rate (76.5±2.64%) at 1:40 dilution ratio.
Adult koi carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were fed with feed supplemented with vitamin C at 200 mg/kg feed (T1), 400 mg/kg feed (T2) and 600 mg/kg feed (T3), and vitamin E at 200 mg/kg feed (T4), 400 mg/kg feed (T5) and 600 mg/kg feed (T6) at ad libitum for 60 days. Control (without vitamin inclusion) was also maintained. Observations were made on the growth performance, GSI and biochemical composition of gonads such as crude protein, crude fat, cholesterol and carotenoid once in 15 days. At the end of the experiment, fertilization was done to record the fertilization and hatching rate. The difference in the values was noticed among the male and female koi carp. Fish supplemented with vitamin E at 200 mg/kg feeexhibited higher growth in both male and female fish, and the fertilization rate and hatching rate were also higher in that group, and the values were significantly different (p < 0.05) and showed linear and quadratic trends. Inclusion of vitamin C at 600 mg/kg feed had shown higher lipid and carotenoid contents of female koi carp (p<0.05). Hence, the results revealed that supplementing vitamin C and E in the diet is necessary for the successful reproduction of koi carp.
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