A Persian cat with the complaint of lustreless dry coat, salt and pepper appearance was brought to the dermatology unit of Madras Veterinary College, Chennai. Microscopical examination of the tape impression and hair coat brushings revealed mites with eggs adhering to the hair shaft. The cat was treated with Ivermectin @ 300 µg/kg body weight subcutaneously once a week for 5 weeks after getting owner's consent. The cat was free from the parasites 5 weeks post treatment. Fomite and close contact might aid the spread of infestation. Isolation coupled with full course of treatment favours complete recovery from the infestation.
Background:Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (SP) is the major pathogenic species of dogs involved in a wide variety of skin and soft tissue infections. The accessory gene regulator (agr) locus of Staphylococcus aureus has been extensively studied, and it influences the expression of many virulence genes. It encodes a two-component signal transduction system that leads to down-regulation of surface proteins and up-regulation of secreted proteins during in vitro growth of S. aureus. The objective of this study was to detect and sequence analyzing the AgrA, B, and D of SP isolated from canine skin infections.Materials and Methods:In this study, we have isolated and identified SP from canine pyoderma and otitis cases by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and confirmed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Primers for SP agrA and agrBD genes were designed using online primer designing software and BLAST searched for its specificity. Amplification of the agr genes was carried out for 53 isolates of SP by PCR and sequencing of agrA, B, and D were carried out for five isolates and analyzed using DNAstar and Mega5.2 software.Results:A total of 53 (59%) SP isolates were obtained from 90 samples. 15 isolates (28%) were confirmed to be methicillin-resistant SP (MRSP) with the detection of the mecA gene. Accessory gene regulator A, B, and D genes were detected in all the SP isolates. Complete nucleotide sequences of the above three genes for five isolates were submitted to GenBank, and their accession numbers are from KJ133557 to KJ133571. AgrA amino acid sequence analysis showed that it is mainly made of alpha-helices and is hydrophilic in nature. AgrB is a transmembrane protein, and AgrD encodes the precursor of the autoinducing peptide (AIP). Sequencing of the agrD gene revealed that the 5 canine SP strains tested could be divided into three Agr specificity groups (RIPTSTGFF, KIPTSTGFF, and RIPISTGFF) based on the putative AIP produced by each strain. The AIP of SP contains serine and produce lactone ring structured AIP.Conclusion:Presence of AgrA, B, and D in all SP isolates implies the importance of this regulatory system in the virulence genes expression of the SP bacteria. SP isolates can be typed based on the AgrD auto-inducible protein sequences as it is being carried out for typing of S. aureus isolates. However, further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism of controlling of virulence genes by agr gene locus in the pathogenesis of soft tissue infection by SP.
Tese submetida como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Doutora em Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias.Seropédica, RJ Abril de 2018 AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a Deus pela minha vida e saúde para seguir esta caminhada. À Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, pela incrível experiência de vida. Lugar que por onze anos foi a minha segunda casa, onde amadureci, cresci profissionalmente e fiz amizades para vida toda. Esse lugar mágico ficará gravado na alma e deixará marcas eternas em mim.Aos meus pais, meus maiores incentivadores, Humberto Machado da Motta e Tânia Lúcia Gonçalves Couto da Motta, por me mostrarem que a maior herança que se deixa aos filhos é a educação. Por nunca terem medido esforços para que eu pudesse ter acesso ao bom ensino, mesmo nos momentos mais difíceis e, principalmente, pelo amor incondicional. Aos meus avós, o meu muito obrigado pelo carinho, por participarem da minha educação e formação como ser humano. Vocês estarão eternamente em meu coração.Ao meu marido e companheiro há nove anos, Herbet Pereira dos Santos. Obrigada por todo o amor, respeito e paciência. Pelos os anos que estamos juntos, fortalecendo e incentivando um ao outro.A minha orientadora, Dra. Miliane Moreira Soares de Souza, por ser meu exemplo de profissional e pela confiança depositada. Muito obrigada por acreditar no meu trabalho e permitir que ele fosse conduzido sob sua orientacao.À equipe do laboratorio de Medicina Veterinaria Preventiva da Iowa State University (ISU, EUA), sob a orientacao da Dr. Catherine Mary Logue, que me acolheu, possibilitando a realização de parte deste estudo, e participou dos cinco meses mais especiais da minha vida.A coorientadora, Dra. Shana de Mattos de Oliveira Coelho, pelos conselhos e incentivo. Muito obrigada.A professora Dra. Irene da Silva Coelho, pelo carinho, paciência e vontade desmedida em cooperar para o sucesso deste trabalho! Muito obrigada.Às amiga e companheira de laboratório Bianca Soares, pela amizade e colaboração com as análises de diversidade, sendo fundamental para conclusão deste estudo.Às amigas e companheiras de laboratório Dayanne Melo e Marisol Gómez, pela amizade e colaboração. Vocês foram especialmente importantes ao longo deste estudo.A todos os amigos e colegas de Pós-Graduação e laboratório,
Seizure is the most common neurological presentation in dogs. Epilepsy is defined as a disease of the brain characterised by enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures. The dogs less than 6 months and more than 6 years are diagnosed with structural epilepsy and between 6 months and 6 years are diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy commonly with certain exceptions in comorbid conditions. So, the prevalence of epilepsy in relation to age, breed and sex was carried out. Among the breeds the pure breeds were grouped together which was higher in percentage and compared with nondescript native breeds and in each breed and age group males dominated females and number of dogs in age group of 6 months to 6 years was higher. Chisquare analysis was done to find out significant association between Age and breed, breed and sex, age and sex. There was significant association between breed and sex which needs further detailed analysis. This may be of interest in future epilepsy research in dogs.
The objective of this study was to assess the brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) wave pattern in normal dogs as well as those with otitis externa (OE). The BAER test was performed on twenty five dogs with varying degrees of OE. Our study found that BAER of ears with severe OE had prolonged latencies of all waves and lower wave I to wave V amplitude ratio compared to the mildly affected or normal ears. However the inter – peak latencies were unaffected. Thus BAER can be a useful diagnostic tool to assess the hearing impairment due to conductive deafness in OE.
Seizures are the most common neurological disorders in dogs. Based on the etiology the epileptic dogs were classified as idiopathic epilepsy, reactive seizures and structural epilepsy. In this study 40/179 dogs were diagnosed with reactive seizures. They were grouped in to different age and sex. The different etiologies of reactive seizures in this study were hepatic encephalopathy, cardiomyopathy, uremic encephalopathy, infectious, hypothyroidism, hypocalcemia, verminous, hypoglycaemia, tetanus and anemia. This categorisation will guide the clinician to treat for the primary cause and plan the antiepileptic treatment accordingly.
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