-This study aimed to evaluate different crops and plant species planted after soybeans for one year, in terms of their potential to inhibit the occurrence of weed species. The following crops that were planted as second crop after soybeans were evaluated: (1) corn (Zea mays) planted at spacing of 90 cm between rows, intercropped with Brachiaria ruziziensis in the inter-rows; (2) sunflower (Helianthus annuus); (3) crambe (Crambe abyssinica); (4) radish (Raphanus sativus); (5) rapeseed (Brassica napus); and (6) winter fallow -no plantation after soybeans. Phytosociological characterization of weed species was carried out at the pre-planting of soybeans in the following cropping season. Estimations of relative abundance, relative frequence, relative dominance and Importance Value Index were made for each species present. Areas were also intra-characterized by the diversity coefficients of Simpson and modified Shannon-Weiner, and areas were compared using the Jaccard similarity coefficient for presence-only, by multivariate cluster analysis. In the short-term (a single cropping season), cultivation of winter crops do contribute for lower occurrence of weed species at the pre-planting of soybeans on the subsequent cropping season. The suppressive effects depend both on the species grown in the winter and in the amount of straw left on the soil by these winter crops. Radish was more efficient in inhibiting the occurrence of weed species and rapeseed showed composition of infestation similar to that observed at the area under fallow.Keywords: corn, sunflower, radish, crambe, rapeseed, phytosociology.RESUMO -Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar distintas espécies vegetais cultivadas na segunda safra, quanto ao seu potencial de inibir a ocorrência de espécies daninhas. As seguintes culturas foram avaliadas na segunda safra após soja: (1) milho (Zea mays) com espaçamento entre linhas de 90 cm; (2) girassol (Helianthus annuus); (3) crambe (Crambe abyssinica); (4) nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus); (5) canola (Brassica napus); e (6) pousiosem plantio de inverno em sucessão à soja. A caracterização fitossociológica das espécies daninhas foi feita no pré-plantio da safra de soja subsequente. Estimativas de abundância, frequência e dominância relativas, bem como do valor de importância, foram obtidas para cada espécie em cada área. As áreas foram intracaracterizadas pelos coeficientes de diversidade de Simpson e de Shannon-Weiner modificado e comparadas pelo coeficiente binário de similaridade de Jaccard, por análise multivariada de agrupamento. No curto prazo (um ano de distintos cultivos), o uso de oleaginosas de inverno contribuiu para a menor infestação por plantas daninhas na soja em sucessão, e os efeitos supressivos dependem tanto da espécie cultivada no inverno quanto do volume de palhada residual deixada por essa cultura. O nabo forrageiro foi o mais eficiente em inibir a ocorrência de espécies daninhas, e a canola apresentou composição da infestação similar à observada na área de pousio.
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