Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) or Graetzel cell is a less expensive solar cell belonging to the group of thin film solar cells. The advantages of DSSCs are mainly due to low cost production, low energy payback time, flexibility, performance at diffuse light and multicolor options. The present review gives a detailed summary and evaluation of the DSSCs. The role of TiO2 in the fabrication process as a photoanode to improve the high performance of DSSCs also discussed in detail. Structural modifications during the fabrication of the device are discussed along with the factors affecting to improve the efficiency of the DSSCs. Wide ranges of dyes were identified using Density Functional Theory (DFT) for HOMO-LUMO calculations. On the other hand, Doping plays a major role on the band structure and trap states of TiO2, which in turn affect the important properties such as conduction band energy, charge transport, recombination and collection. High-throughput methods may also be employed to achieve a rough prediction on the suitability of dopants for the specific synthesis methods. It was found that nearly every employed photoanode can be used to increase the device performance, indicating that the improvement in efficiency is not so much caused by the dopant itself. The current available knowledge on TiO2 as a Photoanodic material provides remarkable light harvesting efficiency in connection with perovskite solar cells and DSSCs.
Investigation of the I-V characteristics of the DSSC based on interconnected with cobalt-doped SnO 2 nanoparticles covered with a nano-scale thin layer which was absorbed by natural dyes are described. The presence of co-doped SnO 2 has been confirmed by its characteristic XRD pattern and the shape of the particle is confirmed by SEM. The thickness of the protective layer can be conveniently controlled by the mole value of co-doped SnO 2 used in the preparation of the thin film and the optimum conditions for best performance of the DSSC are presented together with possible explanation for the variations observed. An optimum light-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 0.37 % in the presence of a layer of co-doped SnO 2 has been obtained which enhancement over the cell prepared with other natural dyes. The characterization of the sample using different techniques was explained (change the sentence).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.