The development of depleted oil reservoirs for simultaneous gas injection for underground natural gas storage and enhanced oil recovery in Nigeria was evaluated using IZ-2, a depleted oil reservoir located South Eastern Nigeria. The geological information and the production history of the reservoir were applied in estimating the storage capacity at any given pressure. The plot of well flowing pressure (Pwf) against flow rate (Q), shows the deliverability of the reservoir at various pressures. The verification of inventory and assurance of deliverability were evaluated for the reservoir. The results of the estimated properties indicated that IZ-2 is a good candidate for conversion into storage reservoir and enhanced oil recovery. A reservoir engineering simulator (ECLIPSE) was used to forecast oil production from the reservoir without gas storage and with gas storage in the reservoir respectively. The results of the estimated parameters shows that the storage capacity is; 437Tscf and deliverability: 46.4MMscf/d. The production forecast indicated that the cumulative oil production was higher when the reservoir contain gas than when there is no gas. The novelty of this research work is the performance analysis for the determination of the suitability of the reservoir for gas storage and also the recommendation of gas storage in the reservoir based on the analyses conducted for simultaneous gas storage and enhanced oil recovery in Nigeria.
Inflow-control devices (ICDs) were developed to avoid coning problems in long horizontal wells mainly in heterogenous formations, but cause some additional drawdown which does not contribute to rate increase. This rate reduction is seen to be impairment to the productivity of horizontal wells. Therefore, horizontal wells that are equipped with ICDs require a pre-quantification of their productivity by determining skin caused by each ICD nozzle size. This will help prevent additional expenditure that will be spent for a corrective horizontal well intervention. Many authors have proposed equations that can be used to estimate skin due to damage, partial completion, slanted well and perforation. No author has provided a skin equation that can be used to estimate recoverable and productivity loss that may result from the use of inflow control devices. In this work, a 3D numerical model which includes inflow control devices along horizontal wells was used to investigate reservoir and production performances of various ICD nozzle sizes. Different productivity losses from different nozzle sizes were seen as skin and a 0.002ft 2 ICD nozzle flow area estimated to have a zero skin. Consequently, a simple equation for calculating this skin due to restricted fluid entry through ICD nozzles was derived. The derived equation which shows insignificant deviation from skin equation is then used for selecting the right nozzle size for production and recovery optimization from horizontal wells.
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