In Ecuador, the net energy contribution of biofuels is unknown or unnoticed. To address this issue, we determined the Energy Return on Investment (EROI) for bioethanol and biodiesel.The selection of raw materials relied on their productive capacity, export and import records, and historical yields. Consequently, the scope included three raw materials for ethanol (sugar cane, corn, and forest residues) and four for biodiesel (African palm, pinion, bovine fat, and swine fat).Using a method based on the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) of each biofuel, we assessed the entire production chain through statistical processing of primary and secondary information. Then we calculated the calorific values in the laboratory, compared energy inputs/outputs, and finally obtained the energetic returns.EROIs for bioethanol were: 1.797 for sugarcane, 1.040 for corn, and 0.739 for wood. The results for biodiesel were: 3.052 for African palm, 2.743 for pinion, 2.187 for bovine fat, and 2.891 for swine fat. These values suggest feasibility only for sugarcane in the case of ethanol. In contrast, biodiesel has better prospects because all the feedstocks analyzed had EROIs higher than two. Nevertheless, biodiesel is not available for trading in Ecuador because energy policy has overlooked systems based on higher energy return. Future studies should consider more comprehensive variables such as climate change, land use, and water management.
En este estudio, el quitosano fue extraído y modificado a partir de caparazones de camarón Penaeus Vannamei con el cual se prepararon dos materiales adsorbentes: quitosano-glutaraldehído (QGD) y quitosano-nitrato férrico (QFe). En la primera etapa experimental fue seleccionado el material adsorbente (QGD) que presenta un mayor porcentaje de adsorción. En las etapas experimentales posteriores son analizadas las influencias de factores como el pH, la dosificación del adsorbente, velocidad de agitación, temperatura y tiempo de contacto en la adsorción de plomo en QGD; estableciéndose en la optimización que son determinantes: el pH, la dosificación del adsorbente y el tiempo de contacto en un rango de 6,75-7,00; 0,35-0,50 g y 151-175 min respectivamente. Teniéndose una eficiencia en remoción de plomo con QGD de 98,40% y encontrándose a partir del estudio isotérmico que la capacidad adsorbente de este material es de 282,61mgPb2+/gQGD
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