The effect of solar radiation in the aging of the asphalt binder can be considered relevant in several countries due to the high level of insulation. This article deals with the comparative aging of a conventional asphalt binder and styrene‐butadiene‐styrene modified asphalt binder samples under the effect of weathering. The samples were exposed to cycles of xenon radiation, moisture, and temperature. The degradation of binders was analyzed by using the technique of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The CH/CO ratio decreased 92.5% for the conventional asphalt cement and 74% for the polymer modified asphalt after 150 h of exposure in a weathering chamber. The oxidation resistance of styrene‐butadiene‐styrene modified asphalt binder was higher than the conventional asphalt cement evaluated by using the weathering test and infrared spectroscopy analysis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
RESUMOA atividade eletroquímica do compósito cerâmico metálico (cermet) Ni/Zr 0,85 Y 0,15 O 0,93 (Ni/ZEI) utilizado como ânodo em pilhas a combustível de óxido sólido (PaCOS), é controlada pela condutividade intrínseca das fases presentes e pelos caminhos disponíveis para a condução elétrica e para a difusão do gás combustível. Essas propriedades são fortemente influenciadas por parâmetros microestruturais, tais como distribuição espacial das fases, forma e tamanho médio das partículas que constituem o cermet.Neste trabalho, foram determinados alguns parâmetros microestruturais das fases Ni, ZEI e poros presentes em pastilhas do cermet Ni/ZEI, através do tratamento de imagens obtidas via microscopia óptica. Relacionando esses parâmetros com a Teoria Estereológica Quantitativa foi possível calcular a contiguidade das fases.Os pós de NiO/ZEI foram sintetizados via mistura física com diferentes concentrações: 33/67, 56/44, 75/25 and 82/18 % em massa e prensados na forma de pastilhas cilíndricas. Após a sinterização, as pastilhas foram reduzidas a Ni/ZEI em atmosfera de hidrogênio a 900ºC por 2 horas. A superfície transversal de cada amostra foi observada e tratada por microscopia óptica. As imagens obtidas foram analisadas pelo programa de computador Quantikov, a fim de determinar os parâmetros microestruturais: intercepto linear médio e fração volumétrica das fases. Utilizando esses parâmetros, a contiguidade de cada fase presente no cermet foi calculada. Para comprovar a validade da técnica de análise, os valores dos parâmetros microestruturais, determinados com base na composição dos pós, foram comparados com os valores obtidos no tratamento da imagem.Palavras-chaves: contiguidade, ânodo, cermet, pilha a combustível, Ni/ZEI. Study of the phases contiguity in cermet Ni/YSZ ABSTRACTThe electrochemical activity of the metallic-ceramic composite (Cermet) Ni/Zr0,85Y0,15O0,93 (Ni/YSZ) used as anode in stacks of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is controlled by the intrinsic conductivity of its phases, by the available paths for the electric conduction and the diffusion of the fuel gas. These properties are highly influenced by microstructural parameters such as space distribution of the phases, forms and average size of the particles that constitute the Cermet.In this work, some microstructural parameters of anode phases: Ni, YSZ and pores are determined in tablets of the Cermet Ni/YSZ through the treatment of images acquired with optic microscopy. Relating these parameters with the Quantitative Stereological Theory it was possible to calculate the proximity of the phases.The anodes were prepared from mixtures of NiO powder and YSZ powder at mass ratios of NiO/YSZ: 33/67, 56/44, 75/25 and 82/18 and uniaxial pressed into cylindrical pellets. After sintering, the tablets were reduced to Ni/YSZ in hydrogen atmosphere at 900ºC for 2 hours. The transversal surface of each sample was treated and observed with optical microscopy. The images were analyzed with the software Quantikov to determine the microstructural parameters: in...
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