Spectra of triply charged carbon disulphide have been obtained by measuring, in coincidence, all three electrons ejected in its formation by photoionization. Measurements of the CS 2 3+ ion in coincidence with the three electrons identify the energy range where stable trications are formed. A sharp peak in this energy range is identified as the 2 ⌸ ground state at 53.1Ϯ 0.1 eV, which is the lowest electronic state according to ab initio molecular orbital calculations. Triple ionization by the double Auger effect is provisionally divided, on the basis of the pattern of energy sharing between the two Auger electrons into contributions from direct and cascade Auger processes. The spectra from the direct double Auger effect via S 2p, S 2s, and C 1s hole states contain several resolved features and show selectivity based on the initial charge localization and on the identity of the initial state. Triple ionization spectra from single Auger decay of S 2p-based core-valence states CS 2 2+show retention of the valence holes in this Auger process. Related ion-electron coincidence measurements give the triple ionization yields and the breakdown patterns in triple photoionization at selected photon energies from 90 eV to above the inner shell edges.

This paper presents a proof-of-concept for manipulation of Ytterbium 171 trapped-ion qubits through the Rabiflops experiment. This serves as a partial report on an ongoing project aimed at developing a fully operational ion trapping and quantum feedback control laboratory at Stellenbosch University. Despite the bad vacuum conditions during the Rabi-flops experiment, we were able to manipulate the trapped Ytterbium 171 ion qubits with microwave pulses to give out a clear indication of Rabi oscillations. A high rate of ion loss led to the Rabi oscillations profile showing a decay feature within it. This decay feature was modeled and characterized, hence showing that we were losing ions at the rate defined by a time constant of 𝜏 = 4500 −1 seconds.