We present evidence for nonequilibrium two stage melting in Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 81d . Samples cooled in low applied magnetic fields display a sharp hysteretic drop of the resistance which is associated with a first-order vortex lattice freezing transition. Using an eight-terminal geometry, we have measured a second sharp feature in the liquid phase which suggests thermal interlayer decoupling of vortex lines. The melting transition temperature decreases with increasing current, however, indicating that these measurements were made under nonequilibrium conditions. [S0031-9007(97)02320-X]
Using an eight-terminal geometry, we have measured voltages in Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8ϩ␦ single crystals with current injected both parallel and perpendicular to the crystallographic c axis and with magnetic fields Hр3 kOe, Hʈc axis. In a range of fields and temperatures for which the conductivity is Ohmic, our results disagree with a model that assumes classical electrodynamics. We believe that interlayer vortex coupling is responsible for nonlocal conductivity in this regime. ͓S0163-1829͑97͒50902-7͔
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