Large SRF Linacs and HEP experiments require accurate frequency control, which is achieved using cavity tuners typically actuated by the piezoelectric ceramic stacks. The piezoelectric ceramic stacks become "standard" components of the SRF cavity tuner, and depending on the application, could be operated in different environments: in air, at cryogenic temperature, in vacuum, and submerged in liquid helium. Different applications place different requirements on the piezo actuators, but the important parameters common to all applications are the lifetime and reliability of the actuators. Several R&D programs targeting the development of reliable piezo actuators are reviewed in this contribution.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.