Hazard is evaluated for electrical design of a major system upgrade of Thailand oil & gas production plant. The primary technique for the hazard evaluation was a Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study; this is a brainstorming approach conducted by a multidisciplinary team. The approach simulates creativity of the team members to generate new ideas. As a result of this study, numerous, qualitative recommendations have been made to electrical design the safety and operability problems out of the major power system upgrade. Among the recommendations are suggestions on protection and control strategy, materials of construction, process material releases, alternative design options, and maintenance of this power system upgrade.Keywords: Systematic approach, Safety and operability study for electrical design, Hazard and operability study.
When power demand is foreseen to rapidly increase in near future, the need to upgrade the electrical system/ equipment became apparent. When operation must proceed while any change is in progress, the revision is very difficult. Parallel operation of electrical equipment of various vintages and ratings is inevitable for some extent of time. The special considerations and review on the monitoring, metering and control of new master PLC controller called power management system (PMS) are discussed. Electrical distribution system concepts and equipment modifications and upgrades which improve system operability, enhance reliability and contribute to safety are described.
The textile industry is a complicated manufacturing industry because it is a fragmented and heterogeneous sector dominated by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). There are various energy-efficiency opportunities that exist in every textile plant. However, even cost-effective options often are not implemented in textile plants mostly because of limited information on how to implement energy-efficiency measures. This paper presents the expansion of problem formulation of consummation management based on load shifting in textile industry. The mathematical model is a Non Polynomial (NP) hard optimization problem to determine the start time of the process in order to minimize the total electricity cost under varying tariffs such as flat rate and Time of Use (TOU). For solve this problem, Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is applied and compared with Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). To show its efficiency, the case studies in case of Single Process Multiple Jobs (SPMJ) in term of small, medium and large scales are demonstrated. The results show that the proposed method is able to achieve the best solution efficiently and easy to implement.
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