A statistical approach to point target detection in a clutter background is used to delineate the expected performance of the RADARSAT SAR (C-band HH polarization) for ship detection, and to compare the expected ship detection performance for the various RADARSAT SAR beam modes. Smaller ships may be detected with decreasing wind speed, increasing incidence angle, and finer resolution. ScanSAR Narrow Far is expected to be a good compromise between spatial coverage and detection probability. We present a quantitative validation of these model predictions based upon data acquired during a RADARSAT SAR ship detection/validation field program, which was held in March/April 1996 off the coast of Halifax, Nova Scotia. The program included buoy measurements of wind and wave conditions and RADARSAT SAR passes with known ships in each scene. We present validation of some of the model's key assumptions, in particular those concerning our hybrid C-band HH polarization ocean cross-section model, image probability density function, and ship radar signatures.
Satellite remote sensing offers the potential to routinely provide information at useful temporal and spatial scales for monitoring the dynamic coastal zone. In the fall of 1995, Canada launched the RADARSAT satellite carrying a multiple mode synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Coastal zone applications of RADARSAT SAR data and guidelines for beam mode selection are presented. Three applications are considered in greater detail: ship detection; oil spill detection; and wind vector retrieval. Examples and validation of these applications are given in the context of the Ocean Monitoring Workstation (OMW), a system for extracting ocean information from RADARSAT SAR images.
Satellite remote sensing offers the potential to routinely provide information at useful temporal and spatial scales for monitoring the dynamic coastal zone. In the fall of 1995, Canada launched the RADARSAT satellite carrying multiple mode synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Over the past two years, considerable experience has been gained in the operational use of RADARSAT SAR for coastal applications such as sea ice monitoring, vessel detection, and oil slick detection. This paper summarizes Canadian activities in these areas and reports on development efforts in automated algorithms. Observations are made on the potential conflicts among users in coastal environments.
RESUMELesapplications des radars a antenne syntbetique entrent dans une ere nouvelle: celie de I'analyse quantitative. Par consequent, l'etalonnage tant radiometrique que geometrique des differents capteurs constitue une exigence relative a l'utilisation des donnees. II est necessaire de proceder a un etalonnage de bout en bout du systeme-autrement dit du capteur, au processeur, jusqu 'aux extrants -si I'on veut repondre pleinement aux besoins des utilisateurs. .Ii mesure que se deueloppeni les applications fondees sur la polarite, l'interference et la phase, l'etalonnage de la phase devient egalement pertinent. Cet article passe en revue differentes exigences en matiere d 'etalonnage de systemes RAS pour une foule d'applications dans les domaines de l'agriculture, de laforesterie, de la geologie, de l'bydrologie, des glaces oceaniques et de l'oceanograpbie. Lesauteurs concluent qu 'une precision radiometrique relative de l'ordre de ± 0,5 dB et qu 'une precision ahsolue de ± 1 dB repondraient, dans la plupart des cas, aux exigences. Lorsque la precision geometrique est importante, elle devrait eire de lOa 20 m pour satifaire aux exigences de fonctionnement deja en vigueur. On dispose de beaucoup moins d 'informations pour eualuer les exigences relatives a la phase, mais, selon les donnees existantes, 10" semble une estimation realiste. Lesconsequences d'une perte de precision sont examinees dans les cas ou des exigences plus rigoureuses s'imposent.ABSTRACT Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) applications are entering a quantitative era, and thus radiometric and geometric calibration ofthe various sensors is a requirementfor successful data utilization. Calibration is requiredfrom end to end (in other words, sensor-processor-output products) tofully meet user needs. As applications ofpolarimetric, interferometric, and other phase sensitive data are developed, phase calibration will also become relevant. This paper summarizes SAR calibration requirements for a wide range ofapplications in the agriculture, forestry, geology, hydrology, sea-ice, and oceanography disciplines. In general, it is concluded that ±0.5 dB relative and ±1 dB absolute radiometric accuracy will meet most requirements. Where important, geometric accuracy should be in the order of 10 to 20 m to meet operational guidelines already in effect. Much less information is available to evaluate phase requirements but, where data exist, 10" appears to be a realistic estimate. Where more stringent requirements appear useful, the impact ofthe loss in accuracy is evaluated.R.J. Brown et at. are employed by the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing,
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