Polymer-based matrix hybrid composites meet their demand in various engineering applications and food industries due to their excellent mechanical, thermal, corrosion, and biodegradable performance. The polymer-based hybrid composites have been a better choice for high thermal insulation at low cost. This experiment attempted to find the thermal adsorption characteristics, heat deflection temperature, linear thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity of epoxy hybrid composites, which contained four different layers of Kevlar and basalt fiber fabricated via a low-cost conventional hand mold layup technique. This experiment revealed that the effect of basalt/Kevlar fiber on epoxy increased thermal performance. The results noted that the hybrid composite consists of less Kevlar fiber with the maximum basalt fiber of sample 4, showed excellent thermal adsorption effect on weight loss limited at 70.98%, and a better heat deflection temperature and
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per °C linear thermal expansion were obtained. Sample 3 exhibited a maximum thermal conductivity of 0.251 W/mK. However, the thermal adsorption of hybrid composite has been limited by more basalt fiber, leading to a 1 wt%/°C decomposition rate.
Focusing on natural fibers are the prominent substitution for synthetic fiber and reinforced into polymer matrices found unique properties such as lightweight, cost-effectiveness, and good mechanical and wear properties. Incompatibility and low adhesive behavior are the primary drawbacks found during the fabrication of natural fiber-bonded polymer matrix composites. The constant weight percentage (10 wt%) of sisal and hemp fiber is treated with a 5% NaOH solution for improving adhesive behavior and bonded with epoxy. The prepared sisal/hemp/epoxy combination is blended with 0 wt%, 3 wt%, 6 wt%, and 9 wt% silica nanoparticles, which results in reduced voids (1.32%) and increased flexural strength (56.98 MPa). Based on the compositions of fiber and reinforcement, the density of the composite varied. Samples 3-6 wt% of silica nanoparticle-blend sisal/hemp/epoxy composite offered maximum tensile and impact strength of 52.16 MPa and 2.1 J. An optical microscope analyzed the tensile fracture surface, and the failure nature was reported. The dry sliding wear performance of composite samples is tested by pin-on-disc setup with a 10 N-40 N load of 10 N interval at 0.75 m/sec. Sample 3 found good wear resistance compared to others.
The present research work is aimed at developing a nickel alloy (Ni-Cr) matrix hybrid nanocomposite comprising 5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt% of alumina nanoparticles (Al2O3) size of 50 nm with stable weight percentage (5 wt%) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle via vacuum die casting process for an automobile brake pad application. The deliberation of multireinforcement surface on nickel alloy matrix tribological performance was evaluated by constant sliding distance (200 m) on dry sliding condition via rotating pin on disc apparatus with different loading conditions of 10 N, 30 N, 50 N, and 70 N under the sliding velocity of 0.25 m/sec, 0.5 m/sec, and 0.75 m/sec, respectively. The influences of alumina and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the nickel alloy matrix resulted in the thermal conductivity increasing by 18% compared to unreinforced nickel alloy. After temperature drop, the coefficient of thermal expansion for nickel alloy hybrid composite decreases progressively with increased reinforcement content as 10 wt% Al2O3/5 wt% TiO2. Further inclusion of both Al2O3 and TiO2 in nickel alloy was increased nominally. The thermal adsorption characteristic on composites mass loss was decreased while temperature increased from 28°C to 1000°C.
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