Preliminary work indicated that North Dakota lignite is well suited for drying by the Fleissner method. The present paper reports the results of an extended study on the steam drying of this lignite. The work consisted in subjecting lignite to the following stages: (1) a preheating period with saturated steam directly in contact with the coal; (2) a heating period, in which the coal mass is brought to the temperature of the steam; (3) a release period, in which the steam pressure is brought to atmospheric ; and (4) an aeration period, in which a blast of air is passed over the coal mass.The results indicate that North Dakota lignite can be processed successfully by the Fleissner method under the following conditions: (1) saturated steam pressures of not lower than 13 atmospheres; (2) a preheating period of approximately 40 minutes in which the pressure is gradually increased to a maximum; condensate should be removed during this period until the first appearance of steam, after which the condensate valve should be closed;1 Received August 11, 1930. Presented before the Division of Gas and Fuel Chemistry at the 80th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Cincinnati, Ohio, September 8 to 12, 1930. From a thesis presented by Irvin Lavine in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy, University of Minnesota.
mined contains upwards of 30 per cent water and is not particularly liable to spontaneous combustion. Upon exposure to atmospheric drying the material slacks badly and the residue frequently ignites spontaneously with ease. It is obvious that any treatment for the purpose of increasing the heating value must not do so at the expense of an increased tendency towards spontaneous combustion. It becomes important to develop a method of estimating this liability to spon-1
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