RESUMO Colheu

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Doze fêmeas eqüinas sadias foram introduzidas em programa de treinamento físico com seis semanas de duração, para participação em provas de enduro na FCAV-UNESP/Jaboticabal. Ao final do período de treinamento, foi realizado um exercício teste (ET), num percurso de 40km de extensão. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue para a determinação sérica de proteínas totais, albumina, uréia, creatinina, sódio, potássio, creatina quinase (CK) e aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e plasmáticas de glicose, amônia e fibrinogênio, antes e imediatamente após a prova, assim como 0,5; 6; 24 e 48 horas após. Foram registradas elevações na concentração de amônia, proteínas totais e CK, e diminuição na concentração de potássio. As outras variáveis bioquímicas analisadas não mostraram alterações significativas no decorrer e ao final do ET. As variáveis bioquímicas estudadas apresentaram valores dentro dos limites fisiológicos para a espécie eqüina durante e após o término do percurso, indicando que o teste de esforço realizado não foi capaz de determinar fadiga nesses animais.

RESUMO Estudaram-se as variáveis eritrométricas, leucométricas e a concentração de proteína total (PT) de éguas gestantes das raças Brasileiro de Hipismo (BH) e

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INTRODUCTIONCaffeine is a stimulant of the central nervous system with alleged ergogenic effects on the athletic performance of horses. Its therapeutic utilization is questioned and its use is considered a violation by the Association of Racing Commissioners International (ARCI). However, due to its ubiquitous nature, it is argued that the presence of low concentrations of caffeine in competing animals may be associated with environmental contamination [1]. The aim of this work was to evaluate in horses submitted or not to caffeine injection, the aerobic capacity by means of quantifying the blood lactate concentration (Lac) and heart rate (HR) during an incremental exercise test (IET). MATERIALS AND METHODSTwelve conditioned Arabian horses (five geldings and seven mares), between 4 and 10 years of age, were each submitted to two IET with an interval of 10 days. There were two groups of animals: caffeine (CAF) n = 12 and control (C) n = 12. The order of treatment (caffeine 5 mg kg )1 or saline, 30 min before the IETs) was randomized for each horse. The IETs consisted of a 5-min warm-up at 4 m s )1 followed by the inclination of the treadmill (10%), and the velocity was then gradually increased at intervals of 1 min to 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 m s )1 . Blood samples were collected 15 s before the end of each one-minute step. The (Lac) was determined by an electrochemical method (YSI 1500 SPORT). HR was determined by an equine heart rate monitor (Polar Equine S 610i). For statistical analysis, Student's t-test for paired samples was used for the values obtained in each step. RESULTSFrom the 5 m s )1 step on, the (Lac) obtained from horses of the CAF group were consistently higher than the concentrations obtained for the control group (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the values obtained for HR showed that caffeine significantly (P < 0.05) lowered this variable until it reached the maximal value. DISCUSSIONThe increase in (Lac) produced by caffeine is concordant with findings in human beings [2] and could indicate an increase in anaerobic metabolism, promoting a greater power output. However, a recent study in horses did not show any effect of caffeine on (Lac) [1], albeit at a lower dose. Still, the majority of studies report an increase in HR. In contrast, our work demonstrates a decrease in this variable which is consistent with a reflex response due to an increase in heart contraction capacity. The present data suggest that caffeine may advance the onset of fatigue in long distance runs, despite the apparent protective effect on heart rate. INTRODUCTIONOestrous cycle influences basal anxiety level [1], the effect of which has been attributed to ovarian sex hormone fluctuations [2]. Oestrogen and progesterone affect anxiety probably by modulating the neurotransmitter synthesis and metabolism. However, it is not yet known exactly how hormone fluctuations can lead to anxiety level changes. We assessed the role of nitric oxide (NO) pathway in the anxiety behavioural changes caused by exogenous sex hormones in ovariectomi...

Este estudio presenta el análisis y los resultados del comportamiento de los electrolitos sodio (Na+), potasio (K+) y calcio iónico (iCa2+) en equinos de paso fino colombiano. Se establecieron los valores de referencia en reposo y la respuesta de los electrolitos ante el ejercicio. Se utilizaron 115 equinos en edad de competencia, hembras y machos, entre43 y 78 meses de edad, de diferentes criaderos de la Sabana de Bogotá. Se tomaron tres muestras en diferentes tiempos: T0 (reposo), T1 (inmediatamente después de 45 minutos de ejercicio) y T2 (1 hora pos ejercicio).Las muestras se procesaron en un analizador portátil i-STAT®, utilizando el cartucho EG7+, y los resultados fueron analizados usando estadística descriptiva y pruebas de comparación múltiples de promedio a través de la prueba de Tukey. Como resultado, se obtuvieron los valores normales párala raza en los diferentes tiempos y se estableció la curva de comportamiento de los electrolitos según los valores estadísticamente significativos, con un nivel de confianza superior a 95%. Los resultados fueron los valores normales para la raza en los diferentes tiempos y la curva de comportamiento de los electrolitos. Los valores obtenidos en mEq/L fueron: para T0: Na+ (136,71+/-0,23), K+ (4,05+/-0,03),Ca2+ (1,58+/-0,006); para T1: Na+ (136,44+/-0,24),K+ (3,92+/-0,24), Ca2+ (1,42+/-0,0080); y para T2:Na+ (137,32+/-0,23), K+ (3,68+/-0,03), Ca2+ (1,51+/-0,009). El Na+ en el T2 aumentó significativamente después del reposo pos ejercicio, mientras que los valores de K+ y Ca2+ disminuyeron en T1. El ion calcio aumentó de manera significativa en T2 contrariamente al K+ que disminuyó. Esta investigación busca generar un aporte a la medicina deportiva equina colombiana, ya que no hay literatura reportada sobre datos de referencia para los valores de electrolitos en la raza paso fino colombiano.