We propose a long-pitch cholesteric liquid crystal (ChLC) device capable of operation in both the dynamic mode and the memory mode. Fast switching between the homeotropic state and the focal conic state allows the display of moving pictures at a low operating voltage. In addition, we can write text messages on the proposed ChLC device by applying an external pressure locally to switch it from the focal conic state to the planar state.
We propose methods to obtain multi-domains with different threshold voltages for vertically aligned liquid crystal displays without additional transistors or capacitors. We exposed an ultraviolet light through a photomask and spatially varied the surface anchoring energy by partially decomposing the polyimide or inducing the adsorption of reactive monomers. The threshold voltage was reduced with smaller surface anchoring, and the reduction of the threshold could be qualitatively interpreted using a model describing a weak anchoring condition.
We propose a pixel electrode structure for the multi-domain vertical alignment liquid crystal mode with high optical efficiency. We form a micro-slit electrode structure on the top substrate to reduce the width of disclination lines at domain boundaries. We insert additional electrodes on the bottom substrate to improve the transmittance at the edges of each pixel. We confirm that using both structures, the transmittance can be increased from 22.9% to 27.3% with no change in the operating voltage.
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