With the advent of broadband integrated services digital network (B-ISDN), there is the increasing need for high-speed multimedia systems also in the area of local area networks (LANs). It is obvious that the conventional systems such as CSMA/CD or token ring cannot cope with those requirements. At present, several new access control methods are proposed for slotted ring (or bus) LANs suited to transmission rates above 155Mbps.This paper reviews the characteristics of those methods in a systematic way and proposes a new access control method called distributed reset algorithm (DRA). DRA can provide high throughput while maintaining the almost strict access fairness by using a new control called "access bit control" in addition to the already known window control.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to grasp the fundamental structure of incident occurrence in nuclear organizations based on system thinking, and analyze how various causes are interrelated in terms of the causal loop diagram.
Background:The recent domestic and overseas nuclear power plant-related incidents and accidents are directly or indirectly associated with safety culture, and thus effective plans for the improvement of safety culture are being called for. While the safety of a nuclear power plant is highly dependent upon technology and equipment, the utilization, maintenance and inspection of the technology and equipment are conducted by workers of the nuclear power plant.Method: Methodology of system thinking perspective using causal loop analysis.
Results:As a result of the analysis, first, it turned out that the fundamental cause of incident occurrence in nuclear organizations is time constraint. Second, if a workload of workers increases, their adherence to regulations and procedures comes to be reduced due to time constraint. Third, it is needed, through organizational learning education, to increase actions made from thoughts considering safety as the utmost priority in advance. Fourth, it is necessary to improve professionalism by enhancing educational programs for new workers, and to develop various scenarios with which they can cope with certain situations.Application: This paper provides a base for system dynamics simulation model for future study.
This study analyzed the safety management efficiency through input-oriented BCC Model using DEA by making of Models, in which this study selected the number of staff affiliated with the construction site, number of staff members on the construction team, and number of safety personnel as Input Factor, along with the number of disaster victims and zero-accident accomplished hours as output elements, targeting 40-or-so apartment building construction sites which are being built by 3 domestic construction companies.As a result of efficiency, it was 0.643, the number of efficient DMU was 4. In the aspect of returns to scale, 21 construction sites(52.5%) found to be in a state of increasing returns while 14 construction sites(35%) was in a state of Decreasing returns. The reason for inefficiency was found to lie in technical factors in case of 30 construction sites(75%). Lastly, inefficient DMU is in need of 38.9 % and 66% reduction in site personnel and safety personnel.Based on study results, the 29 construction sites accounting for 72.5% of DMU for safety management efficiency evaluation object turned out to do inefficient safety management that doesn't fit the size of each company.
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