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Association between Use of Synthetic Metalworking Fluid and Risk of Developing Rhinitisrelated Symptoms in an Automotive RingManufacturing Plant: Dong-Uk PARK, et al. Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, Korea-The main objective of this study was to determine the association between synthetic metalworking fluid (MWF) and rhinitis-related symptoms. At a plant manufacturing piston rings for automobiles, we interviewed grinders (19) and manufacturing workers (142) in operations where synthetic or semisynthetic MWF is handled, and administrative office workers (44) regarding the principal symptoms of rhinitis (nasal stuffiness, runny nose, anosmia, nasal itchiness, rhinorrhea, headache, epistaxis, and post-nasal drip). In addition, we assessed the current exposure of workers handling MWF to MWF aerosols, fungi, and endotoxins. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between MWF surrogates indicative of MWF exposure and each rhinitis-related nasal symptom. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were adjusted for sex, age, smoking habit, and duration of employment. Among grinders handling synthetic MWF, the frequency of complaints of the dominant symptoms was 66.7% for nasal stuffiness, 77.8% for anosmia, 77.8% for runny nose, and 50.0% for headache. These rates are quite high even allowing for the common occurrence of rhinitis in the general population. Twenty eight of 34 grinding and manufacturing workers (82.4%) sampled were exposed to MWF mist above the threshold limit of 0.2 mg/m 3

SUMMARYIn this paper, we propose a low-complexity joint detection of sector cell index and integer carrier frequency offset for a long-term evolution downlink system. In order to implement a low-cost detection scheme, a primary synchronization signal used for joint parameter estimation is grouped into a number of subsets so that the pilots in each subset are strongly correlated. The estimation performance and the computational load of the proposed scheme are compared with those of the commonly used conventional detection scheme using a differential correlation to remove common channel effects. It is found that the proposed scheme can jointly detect the cell index and integer carrier frequency offset with higher accuracy and much lower complexity, compared with the conventional scheme.

Depth estimation using monocular camera sensors is an important technique in computer vision. Supervised monocular depth estimation requires a lot of data acquired from depth sensors. However, acquiring depth data is an expensive task. We sometimes cannot acquire data due to the limitations of the sensor. View synthesisbased depth estimation research is a self-supervised learning method that does not require depth data supervision. Previous studies mainly use CNN-based networks in encoders. CNN is suitable for extracting local features through convolution operation. Recent vision transformers are suitable for global feature extraction based on multi-self-attention modules. In this paper, we propose a hybrid network combining CNN and vision transformer network in self-supervised learning-based monocular depth estimation. We design an encoder-decoder structure that uses CNNs in the earlier stage of extracting local features and a vision transformer in the later stages of extracting global features. We evaluate the proposed network through various experiments based on KITTI and Cityscapes datasets. The results showed higher performance than previous studies and reduced parameters and computations. Codes and trained models are available at https://github.com/fogfog2/manydepthformer.

Introduction Malignant gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumors and are typically treated with maximal safe surgical resection followed by chemoradiation. One of the unintended effects of radiation is depletion of circulating lymphocyte pool, which has been correlated with inferior overall survival outcomes. Methods A comprehensive and systematic searches of the PubMed, Cochrane Central, and Embase databases were done to assess the studies that have reported radiation-related lymphopenia in high-grade gliomas. Hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (OR), and mean differences were represented with Forest plots comparing patients with severe lymphopenia and no severe lymphopenia. Review Manager Version 5.3 (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark) was used for the analysis. Results Nineteen studies were included in the final systematic review and 12 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The odds of developing severe lymphopenia were 0.39 (95% CI:0.19, 0.81, I 2 = 94%, p = 0.01). Patients with severe lymphopenia were at increased risk of death with a pooled HR = 2.19 (95% CI: 1.70, 2.83, I 2 = 0%, p <0.00001) compared to patients with no severe lymphopenia. The mean difference in survival between patients with severe lymphopenia and no severe lymphopenia was −6.72 months (95% CI: −8.95, −4.49, I 2 = 99%, p <0.00001), with a better mean survival in the no severe lymphopenia group. Conclusion Radiation-induced severe lymphopenia was associated with poor overall survival and increased risk of death. Photon therapy, larger planning target volume, higher brain dose, higher hypothalamus dose, and female gender were associated with increased risk of severe lymphopenia.