ICT Infrastructure and internet connectivity in educational institutions provides learners and teachers the opportunity of adopting 21st century teaching-learning methods that promotes the development of 21st century skills. The availability of internet connectivity in particular provides the platform for a shift from the use of teacher-centered pedagogy (content-based learning) to learner-centered pedagogy (inquiry and project-based learning) that is more interactive and activity oriented. But are teachers utilizing these facilities to advantage? This study investigates the use of ICT and internet resources in relation to the use of 21st century technology-based teaching-learning approaches in Malaysia and Asia Pacific context from a global perspective. Qualitative research approach was used for data collection and analysis in the study. Findings from the study show a unique unexpected changing pattern in the use of computer and internet among school teachers; and new challenges associated with the integration of ICT and the use of 21st century approaches in classroom pedagogical practices were identified. As observed in the study, despite the facilities provided; the technological competence acquired by teachers; and, the increasing use of computer and internet by teachers; the approach to teaching and learning has not change as desired.

Industrial Revolutions basically have transformed human lives. We have gone from hand production to mechanized production into computerization or automation of concepts into products (Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR)). However, 4IR urges the process of transferring data from digital domains and offline reality via interconnected systems to improve lives. The technologies in 4IR enter into varying areas, such as the economy, medicine and education. Educational institutions have contributed greatly to reshaping future technologies by being the test laboratories for innovations. In the meanwhile, there is an immense need for looking beyond the traditional educational approach. This can be achieved by strategically employing the trending technologies to prepare students and educators with the right kind of knowledge and set of skills. It is imperative to ask questions about how the delivery of education will be undertaken and how educational institutions will be restructured by the 4IR to prepare students for the challenges ahead.

Redesigning higher education is one of the most widely discussed topics among educators, parents, and other community stakeholders. This is due to the current developments in digital technologies and onset of the fourth industrial revolution which is set to alter the way people live and work. This chapter suggests the implementation of the flipped classroom model as an appropriate approach for equipping students with creative abilities, problem solving skills, thinking skills, and lifelong learning skills. Eight in-service teachers pursuing a postgraduate course on a part-time basis participated in a qualitative study. The study was conducted using asynchronous virtual focus group dialogue sessions. The study addressed three main questions: 1) why they adopted a flipped classroom model, 2) how they implemented it, and 3) what fourth industrial revolution skills were developed using this model. On the whole, this approach created an active and collaborative environment which enabled students to demonstrate their creativity and problem solving skills needed for future careers.

International student mobility has become an effective global strategy for tertiary institutions’ economic growth, revenue, and diversity. This study aimed to provide service quality indicators that can be used to improve international student mobility services in Malaysian public universities. The sample comprised international students in Malaysia, with 1273 students from 76 countries participating. The SERVQUAL model and instrument were used, and the indicators were determined using the measurement model (MM) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The findings of MM and AHP ranked courtesy and communication as the highest indicators, and AHP found that soft skills were required to improve service quality at Malaysian higher education institutions. These findings contribute to understanding what is needed to improve the university quality service system in Malaysian public universities. The results also apply to other universities, especially Southeast Asian countries involved in internationalisation practices. Practical implications were provided to improve internationalisation service quality at colleges and universities, with suggestions for future study.

Social media platforms have emerged as a powerful communication strategy for school leaders, whether within a school or in the community as a whole. The potential for the heads of school to improve leadership connectedness and efficiency lies in the proper selection and use of available social media tools. This would consolidate their position and influence in a 21st-century learning environment. Social media tools provide efficient means for school leaders to mobilize and to build consensus on important matters among their subordinates or stakeholders before arriving at a final decision. They also can use social media tools to shape a vision of academic success for students, motivate academic staff in carrying out their duties in a diligent manner, and build support for their efforts by communicating directly with parents and the community. By spearheading the use of social media strategies, school leaders can inspire teachers to embark on a pedagogical shift by putting real-world tools in the hands of students. This would allow students to consume information, as well as to create artifacts of learning to demonstrate conceptual mastery. Students would become more motivated through active engagement and achievement by focusing on improving essential skills, such as collaboration, creativity, critical thinking, problem solving, and global connectedness. Allowing for distant access, social media also enhance the management zone and extend learning beyond classrooms and schedules. Because social media resources are varied and evolving, school leaders can establish an empowered and dynamic learning community of educators in which skills, knowledge, and thinking would be shared among them through Professional Learning Communities (PLCs). Leaders also could form their own Personal Learning Networks (PLNs) to meet the diverse learning needs of their schools, acquire and share resources, access knowledge, receive feedback, connect with both educational experts and practitioners, and discuss proven strategies to address teaching, learning, and leadership concerns. Furthermore, a school leader can create specific social media channels to collectively engage teachers, heads of departments, coordinators and community leaders. This would enhance the sharing of instructional ideas and strategies, policy issues, and positive aspects of school culture that promote community pride. In this way, a school would not only provide a healthy environment for sharing ideas and collaboration, but would improve the teaching and learning process and attract the enthusiastic participation of stakeholders in school affairs. Lastly, school leaders can employ social media platforms to engage the outside community in an appropriate manner to improve their institutional image and relationships with others. Thus, a vibrant social media strategy would provide an efficient means to manage content and communicate the most accurate, timely, and relevant information, based on appropriate levels of transparency. It would also provide a means of interaction between the school leaders and community stakeholders, enabling them to keep these community stakeholders updated on either the current or most important aspects or events within the schools, hence promoting community participations in school affairs.

The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether a flipped learning environment was a disruption to the traditional instructional approach, particularly in consideration of the 21st-century skills that students must acquire before graduation. A flipped classroom is one in which students are introduced to content at home or outside classroom via technology, and practice working through it at school. A qualitative research design was employed to conduct the study through a focus group approach. Nine in-service teachers, who were participants in a flipped classroom pilot program in Malaysia, served on the focus groups. Data were collected through asynchronous virtual focus group discussions. The scissor-and-sort approach was employed in the data analysis process. Findings from the study indicated teachers believed that a flipped learning environment maximized student learning potential, allowed for collaborative learning, created an engaging learning environment and promoted higher order critical thinking and problem solving skills, all suitable for encouraging and practicing 21st century skills in the classroom. Therefore, this study showed that the flipped classroom approach disrupts the traditional learning environment in a positive manner and avails opportunities to equip students with the relevant skills of problem-solving, critical thinking, collaboration, cultural sensitivity, and creativity which are essential for life-long learning and participating in a competitive 21st-century learning environment.

The institutionalisation of information technology in human society has necessitated the emergence of new educational goals and objectives. This study identifi es the emerging educational goal and objectives of the twenty-fi rst century and examines the challenging role of higher education in the information age. This article introduces four models that can guide and fast-track the integration of new knowledge domains in the curriculum structure and the development of new instructional and pedagogical designs in higher education to facilitate the attainment of the educational goal and objectives of the twenty-fi rst century. The article also introduces a structural model of providing the foundation needed for higher education in the twenty-fi rst century in the present information and technology-driven world of globalisation. Based on existing studies, this article considers the role of teacher education as being critical in addressing the various challenges associated with the transformational changes needed for higher education in the twenty-fi rst century.

Malaysia is committed to growing its research universities and its reputation as one of the world's largest educational service providers. Malaysia has sizable population of international students, and the country is recalibrating its strategy and planning to increase the number of international students to 200,000 by 2020. However, neither the Malaysian government nor the universities have created the synergy to increase the wellbeing of international students, their research progress and, most critically, academic supervision. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the direct effect of research supervision, that is, the supervisor's encouragement, content knowledge, and availability, and campus environment and facilities on international students' academic and career growth. This study proposes a model, called R-SEECKA (relationships, supervision, environment; encouragement; content knowledge and availability) for effective research supervision and practice in Malaysian public universities. The sample size consists of 450 international graduate students from different countries studying at six Malaysian public universities. It uses quantitative methods and SmartPLS for data analysis. Findings of this study reported the effect of encouragement, environment, relationship, availability and content knowledge on international graduate students' academic and career growth. It is also reported that encouragement and motivation from the supervisor was the strongest predictor of academic and career growth, followed by campus environment/facilities. The paper offers recommendations and suggestions for future research to see how much research supervision has improved and international students have progressed in research in Malaysia. The authors note that the R-SEECKA model may be applied at universities in other countries and to other student populations to assess the impact of research supervision on their academic and career growth.