This study presents the fire performance of typical components of wood structure buildings. The wooden beams and floor slabs, quite common in wood structure buildings, were burned with different fire exposure times by a pool fire source. Then, the surface temperature evolution and the charring rate were recorded and analyzed. The results show that the flashover and re-ignition phenomenon occurred in all wood materials under the burning pool fires. The glulam beam cross-section was U-shaped, and the maximum charring rates of glulam beam, cross-laminated timber floor, and cross-laminated timber partition board were 0.833 mm/min, 1.538 mm/min, and 0.435 mm/min, respectively. It can be seen that the combustion behavior time of specimens with different cross-section thicknesses is different. If the thickness of the specimens is appropriately increased, their combustion behavior time can be significantly improved.
Fire safety of ancient wooden buildings is one of the most important issues in the world. In this paper, partition boards with different thicknesses from 15 to 25 mm were heated by a 15-cm-diameter pool fire and a methane Bunsen burner. The temperatures and the carbonization rate of partition boards were measured and analyzed. The results show that when a pool fire was used to heat the wood sample at a distance of 30 cm, two flames appear on the sample surface. When a Bunsen burner heats the sample, the sample is burned until the center point is burned through. The thickness of the sample is increased by 5 mm, and the acceleration time of the temperature rise rate at the center is doubled. Under the condition of a pool fire, the thickness of the sample is increased by 5 mm, and the average carbonization rate at the center point is reduced by 40%. Under the condition of Bunsen burner, the average carbonization rate of the center point decreases exponentially when the thickness of the sample increases by 5 mm. In the case of the same fire source, the carbonization rate of the samples with different thicknesses has the same change trend in the horizontal and vertical directions. Compared with the pool fire, the burn-through time of the center point of the sample is reduced in the case of the Bunsen burner for a sample of the same thickness, and the average carbonization rate of each measuring point increases.
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