Since the World Health Organization announced the Corona Pandemic in March 2020, the world has faced many challenges and fundamental lifestyle changes. This study aims to identify lifestyle changes such as diet, marketing habits, daily activities, and sleep patterns in the western region of Saudi Arabia (SA) during the COVID-19 quarantine period. Besides, this work aims to investigate the relationship between lifestyle changes and weight changes. A retrospective crosssectional study conducted in the western region, SA during the COVID -19 quarantine between May 2020 and January 2021. The descriptive research approach was adopted using a questionnaire. Subjects who met the admission requirements and completed the questionnaire was 539. The majority of participants' ages 35-44 years, they were mainly women (73.3%). The percentage of those who work from home (online) was 31.2%. Most respondents rely on home-cooked food during the quarantine period (84 %), and the proportion of people eating out at restaurants is declining. About half of the participants reported emotional eating (54 %), and the majority preferred sweets. 42.4% of participants did not store additional food or worry about food insecurity. 44 % of participants revealed weight gain. There were strong correlation between increased weight in the study participants and emotional eating (p < 0.001), physical exercise (p < 0.001), and the number of fastfood consumed per week (p< 0.05). This work showed that weight gain in people during the lockout period could be attributed to the reduction in exercise and physical activity and the increased in emotional eating.
Since the dawn of time, several viral epidemics have swept the globe, among them the current COVID-19 outbreak. The ongoing emergence and propagation of novel viral illnesses have compelled researchers to seek new therapeutic approaches that can get beyond the drawbacks of antivirals that are available right now. Medicinal plants have historically offered treatments for a range of illnesses. These bioactive compounds serve as the foundation for many "modern" pharmaceuticals. One of the essential polyphenols in various medicinal plants is Chlorogenic acid (CA), an ester of caffeic and quinic acid. Extensive research has revealed that CA possesses anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant properties. This review aims to briefly summarise CA and its derivative's antiviral properties on various human viral diseases and their ability to fight the current COVID-19 disease. This review summarises CA antiviral action on the following viruses: influenza A virus (H1N1/H3N2/H7N9), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1, enterovirus 71 (Ent 71), adenoviruses (AdenV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This review will open the way for developing and designing potentially effective and broad-spectrum CA-based antiviral medicines.
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