Introduction:Studies about vitamin D [25(OH)D] stability in plasma are limited and preanalytical variables such as tube type may affect results. We aimed to evaluate effect of storage conditions, sample type and some preanalytical variables on vitamin D concentration.Materials and methods:Blood samples from 15 healthy subjects were centrifuged at different temperatures and stored under different conditions. Serum and plasma 25(OH)D difference, effect of centrifugation temperature and common storage conditions were investigated.Results:There was no difference between serum and plasma vitamin D concentration. Centrifugation temperature had no impact on vitamin D concentration. 25(OH)D is stable under common storage conditions: 4 hours at room temperature, 24 hours at 2–8 °C, 7 days at −20 °C, 3 months at −80 °C.Conclusion:Vitamin D does not require any special storage conditions and refrigeration. Both serum and plasma can be used for measurement.
SummaryBackgroundSerum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are markers of systemic inflammation and bacterial infection. We aimed to compare the usefulness of procalcitonin and CRP in patients with community-acquired pneumonia and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsA total of 116 consecutive patients were included in the study: 76 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in group 1, and 40 with pneumonia in group 2.ResultsMedian serum CRP level was 44 mg/L in the COPD group and 132 mg/L in the pneumonia group. Median value of serum PCT was found to be 0.07 in the COPD group and 0.14 ng/mL in the pneumonia group. Serum PCT and CRP levels were significantly higher in the pneumonia group compared to the COPD group (p<0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.788 (CI: 0.704–0.872) for CRP and 0.699 (CI: 0.599–0.800) for procalcitonin to identify pneumonia.ConclusionsProcalcitonin and CRP levels were significantly higher in patients with community-acquired pneumonia presenting to the emergency department with indications for hospitalization than in patients with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Serum CRP and procalcitonin concentrations were strongly correlated. CRP might be a more valuable marker in these patients with lower respiratory tract infections.
we showed that sRANKL levels were higher and correlated with bone turnover markers. It may be related to osteoporosis in SSc. The OPG level was unaltered in SSc patients. Higher TRAIL levels associated with skin thickness may indicate vascular dysfunction or injury. Higher DKK-1 and sclerostin levels may be related to a reactive increase in cells and be prominently linked to fibrosis in SSc.
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an auto-inflammatory disease characterised by periodic inflammatory attacks. We investigated changes in monocyte-granulocyte derived S10012A and chitotriosidase in both the attack and silent period of FMF for better estimation of inflammation. Endogenous resolvin was determined for utility to restrict inflammation. This study included 29 FMF patients (15 M/14 F) and 30 healthy controls (15 M/15 F). Serum levels of highly sensitive C-reactive protein, serum amiloid A (SAA), S100A12, chitotriosidase, and resolvin D1 were measured. Age, sex, body mass indexes, and lipids were similar between patients and controls. Biomarkers including hs-CRP, SAA, S100A12, chitotriosidase, and resolvin D1 were higher in the attack period of FMF patients compared to controls (P < 0.001). When FMF patients in the silent period were compared with their attack period, hs-CRP, SAA, and chitotriosidase were found elevated in the attack period (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.02 respectively). Serum levels of SAA, S100A12, chitotriosidase, and resolvin D1 in the silent period of FMF patients were still found elevated compared to healthy controls, indicating subclinical inflammation (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.009, and P < 0.001 respectively ). In subgroup analysis, patients with M694V homozygote and heterozygote mutations had higher S10012A and hs-CRP compared to other mutation carriers. Our findings indicate that chitotriosidase and S10012A are useful in diagnosis and detection of subclinical inflammation and/or assessment of disease activity in FMF patients. They could be more informative for inflammation in various disease states compared to hsCRP and SAA. Resolvin D1 is elevated in both the attack and silent periods of FMF. It may be helpful to restrict inflammation.Graphical Abstract
Our results show that increased anemia and macrocytosis are observed at values below commonly used B12 lower-reference thresholds. Determining a hematologic cutoff value may help physicians in clinical practice.
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