The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effect of orthodontic treatment on pulp stone formation. Methods: The sample population comprised 504 patients (182 males, 312 females) with a mean age of 17.7 ± 2.9 years that underwent orthodontic treatment. The pre-treatment and post-treatment panoramic radiographs of the patients were evaluated to detect pulp stones before and after orthodontic treatment. The data were analyzed using Mc Nemar, Chi-square and Fisher Exact tests. Results: The statistical analysis showed that pulp stone numbers increased significantly after treatment (p<0.05) and there was no statistically significant difference between the sexes in terms of pulp stone enhancement. The increment of pulp stone numbers after treatment was found to be significantly higher in molars than other teeth (p<0.05). In canine teeth, the increase in pulp stones was statistically higher in females than in males (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that pulp stone numbers increased at different percentages after orthodontic treatment in all tooth groups. It may be concluded that orthodontic treatment can affect calcification metabolism of the pulp and orthodontic forces may increase pulp stone formation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between various dental anomalies and dental malocclusions / vertical growth patterns. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on panoramic radiographs of 756 patients with a mean age of 15.46 ± 4.52 years. 64.6% (n=488) of the total patients were female and 35.4% (n=268) were male. The panoramic radiographs of the patients were detected for the following dental anomalies: supernumerary tooth, agenesis, transposition, microdontia, dileseration and taurodontism. The obtained data were analyzed using chisquare or Fisher exact tests at a significance level of 5%. Results: Impaction (14.4%) and microdontia (8.5%) were the most common anomalies. The prevalence of dental anomalies were the highest in skeletal Class III malocclusion (9.9%) and hypodivergent (11.6%) growth pattern (p˂0.05). Conclusion: The presence of an association between skeletal malocclusion/vertical growth pattern and dental anomalies was observed for tooth agenesis, impaction, transposition and taurodontism. Supernumerary tooth, microdontia and dilaceration were not significantly different among malocclusion groups.

Estimation of the trabecular structure of alveolar bone before implant planning in orthodontic treated patients by using fractal analysis method Gülbahar Ustaoğlu(0000-0002-4205-861X)  , Duygu Göller Bulut(0000-0003-4260-2520) β , Emine Şebnem Kurşun Çakmak(0000-0002-7113-5450) γ , Burak Sarıoğlu(0000-0003-4648-9369) λ , Handan Ankaralı(0000-0002-3613-0523) μ