Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the primary staging of gastric cancer in the comparison of ceCT as routine staging method and evaluate influencing parameters of 18F-FDG uptake. Methods: Thirty-one patients (mean age: 58.9±12.6) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for primary staging of gastric cancer between June 2011 and June 2012 were included to the study. 18F-FDG PET/CT findings were compared with pathological reports in patients who underwent surgery following PET/CT. 18F-FDG PET/CT findings of primary lesions, lymph nodes and adjacent organs were compared with ceCT findings and pathological reports. Since 6 patients were accepted as inoperable according to 18F-FDG PET/CT and/or ceCT and/or laparotomy and/or laparoscopy findings, pathological confirmation could not be possible. Results: In the postoperative TNM staging of patients, while 1 (4%), 1 (4%), 4 (16%), 2 (8%), 12 (48%) and 5 (20%) patients were staged as T0, Tis, T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively, 8 (32%), 6 (24%), 6 (24%) and 5 (20%) patients were N0, N1, N2 and N3 respectively. 18F-FDG PET/CT was totally normal in 2 patients. While primary tumors were FDG avid in 27 patients, in 17 and 6 patients FDG uptake was observed in perigastric lymph nodes and distant organs, respectively. Mean SUVmax of FDG avid tumors was calculated as 13.49±9.29 (3.00-44.60). However, SUVmax of lymph nodes was computed as 9.28±6.92 (2.80-29.10). According to sub-analysis of histopathological subtypes of primary tumors, SUVmax of adenocarsinomas was calculated as 15.16 (3.00-44.60), of signet ring cells as 9.90 (5.50-17.70), of adenocarcinomas with signet ring cell component as 11.27 (6.20-13.90) (p=0.721). In the comparison with histopathological examination while ceCT was TP, TN, FN in 23, 1 and 1 patients, 18F-FDG PET/CT was TP, FP, FN in 20, 1 and 4 patients, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPD and NPV of ceCT in the detection of lymph node metastasis was calculated as 83.3%, 75%, 80%, 87.5% and 66.6%, respectively. These parameters for 18F-FDG PET/CT were 64.7%, 100%, 76%, 100% and 57.1%.Conclusion: Despite lower sensitivity than ceCT, diagnostic power of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the preoperative staging of gastric cancer is acceptable. Because of its high PPV, it might be beneficial in the evaluation of patients with suspected lymph nodes. The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT seems to be limited in the early stage and signet ring cell carcinomas due to lower 18F-FDG uptake.

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate patients with suspicious solitary nodules undergoing bilateral total thyroidectomy for the presence of malignancy. Patients and Methods: 141 patients with true solitary thyroid nodules who underwent bilateral total thyroidectomy at the Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Hospital between 2008 and 2013 were retrospectively evaluated. Parameters including demographics, ultrasonographic findings, and laboratory values were analyzed. Results: When the final pathology results were evaluated, malignancy was found in 52/141 (36.9%) patients. 49 (94.2%) of these lesions were papillary carcinoma. Colloidal nodules accounted for 30.3% of all benign cases. Nodular irregularity, increased vascularity, microcalcification, and central/lateral lymphadenopathy significantly increased the risk of malignancy. Among these factors, increased vascularity was the most important risk factor and microcalcification the second. Nodule size did not affect the risk of malignancy. Conclusion: Irregular borders, microcalcification, increased vascularity, and detection of cervical lymphadenopathy were found to be correlated with malignancy in solitary nodules.

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Background: It is essential to interpret fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) material correctly to create a common language among pathologists and surgeons, leading to a uniform approach to thyroid nodule management. We aimed to compare FNAB reports of patients at our institution who were treated with total thyroidectomy, before and after the Bethesda classification system. Patients and Methods: Patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for thyroid nodules are reviewed. 226 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy before the Bethesda era (2006-2009) were classified as Group-I, and 316 patients in whom total thyroidectomy was performed after the Bethesda classification system was introduced (2010-2014) were classified as Group-II. Results: Before Bethesda, ‘nondiagnostic' or ‘benign' lesions were reported in 16.4 and 45% of patients, respectively, which then significantly decreased to 4.7 and 32.9% as the Bethesda classification criteria came into use. In Group-II, the actual malignancy rates were 13.3, 2.8, 7.3, 15.5, 85.4, and 96.5% for Bethesda I, II, III, IV, V, and VI, respectively. Conclusion: Our experience confirms that the Bethesda classification system leads to a significant reduction in lesions that used to be reported as ‘benign' without compromising the actual rates of malignancy. It ensures better classification of so-called suspicious lesions, and allows for more accurate predictions of suspicious or malignant lesions.

diameters and strictures following esophagectomy and total gastrectomy in 256 patients. World J Surg 2000;24(1):78-84.

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Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a member of small round cell tumors of which contains Wilms' tumor, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and lymphoblastic lymphoma. ES occurs most commonly in the bone but infrequently occurs in the soft tissues without involvement of the bones. Primary involvement of the liver is even rarer. We report the case of 24-year-old female patient with abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography scan showed hepatic large cystic lesion. Liver biopsy showed tumoral cells with small narrow stoplasmic and hyper chromatic nucleus evaluated as small round cell tumor. Immunohistochemical study of the lesion revealed CD99 and bcl-2 positive, cytokeratin, LCA, CD138, chromogranin, synaptophysin, myoD1, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and myoglobin negative the diagnosis primary hepatic ES. A research for any other tumor involvement by using positron emission tomography yielded only hepatic involvement revealed. The patient treated with vincristine-cyclophosphamide-adriamycin and ifosfamide-etoposide alternately chemotherapy then hepatic tumor regressed. Patient operated on hepatic wedge resection. She has continued on chemotherapy and she has been doing well at the sixth month of diagnosis.

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