Highly luminescent carbon dots (C-dots) were synthesized by the one-pot simple hydrothermal method directly from lemon juice using different temperatures, time, aging of precursors, and diluted solvents to control the luminescence of C‐dots. The obtained C-dots were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, and photoluminescent spectrophotometry. The results show that C‐dots had strong green light emission with quantum yield in the range of 14.86 to 24.89% as a function of hydrothermal temperatures. Furthermore, light emission that is dependent on hydrothermal time, aging of precursor, and diluted solvent was observed. These results suggest that the C‐dots have potential application in optoelectronics and bioimaging.

This article reports on the first attempt of a systematic study on the synthesis of carbon dots (C-dots) for the potential applications in labeling and detection of molybdenum ion (Mo ). Carbon dots (C-dots) were synthesized directly via a simple hydrothermal method using lemon juices as carbon precursor with different temperatures to control the luminescence of C-dots. The obtained C-dots had strong green light emission and the ability to use its luminescence properties as probes for Mo detection application, which is based on Mo induced luminescence quenching of C-dots. This analysis system exhibits strong sensitivity and good selectivity for Mo ion, and a detection limit as low as 20 ppm is achieved. These results suggest that the present C-dots have potential application in optoelectronic, labeling and luminescent probing of Mo ions.

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