In traditional
separation processes, there are environmental risks still because
of the presence of toxic agents. Thus, a novel biomembrane microreactor
named eco-green biomembrane (EgBM) was developed to perform the transport,
biodegradation, and cleaning of a textile dye aqueous solution (3
mg/L) from the donor (i.e., textile dye) to the acceptor
(i.e., laccase enzymes) phases. In the present work, Morchella esculenta pellets were used as carriers
and degraders instead of using the traditional chemical carriers.
The optimized EgBM was made of cellulose triacetate (16.1%) as a base
polymer, 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (25.2%) as a plasticizer, and M. esculenta fungus pellets (58.7%) as both carriers
and degraders. A decoloration percentage of 98.6% ± 0.8 in 60
h was attained, which was due to two mechanisms: biosorption (15.4%
± 0.1) on fungal mycelium and biodegradation (83.2% ± 0.6)
by laccase enzymes. The EgBM was achieved not only by the transport
of reactive textile dyes used in the donor phase but also by the biodegradation
and biosorption of the dyes.
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