Salah satu ikan hias yang memiliki prospek perkembangan yang cukup baik adalah ikan ramirezi (Mikrogeophagus ramirezi). Dalam pemeliharaan ikan ramirezi diperlukan perlakuan khusus dalam penanganan benihnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni dapat mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan alami cacing Tubifex sp. terhadap pertambahan panjang dan berat benih ikan Ramirezi. Penelitian ini terdapat 2 perlakuan yakni perlakuan A (pemberian pakan pellet) dan perlakuan B (pemberian pakan cacing Tubifex sp). Pakan diberikan dua kali per hari pada waktu pagi dan sore. Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan dengan 3 kali ulangan. Pakan pellet dan cacing Tubifex sp yang diberikan masing-masing secara ad libitum selama 14 hari. Hasil pengamatan dan perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa persentase pertambahan benih ikan pada perlakuan B mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan daripada hanya diberi pakan pellet saja (Perlakuan A). Selama 14 hari, pemberian pakan alami cacing Tubifex sp., benih ikan mengalami penambahan panjang sebesar 13,78 % dan berat sebesar 106,48 %. Hasil ini sangat jauh berbeda dengan benih ikan yang hanya diberi pakan pellet, yakni hanya 12,31 % untuk beratnya dan tidak mengalami pertambahan panjang. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian pakan alami cacing Tubifex sp. berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertambahan panjang dan berat benih ikan Ramirezi.
The study aims to find out the types of ectoparasites infected in the fry of Asian Sea Bass (Lates calcalifer), White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), and Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus), and to know their prevalence. The method used in this study is an examination of fish samples using the wet mount method. The results showed that the parasites found in the fry of Asian Sea Bass were Trichodina sp., Caligus sp., and Dactylogyrus sp., with the prevalence, were 18.85%, 3.28%, and 1.64% respectively. While, the parasites of Vorticella sp., Epistylis sp and Zoothamnium sp. infected on white shrimp with the prevalence respectively were 2.71%, 0.84%, and 0.17%. Furthermore, on the blue swimming crab was found parasite of Vorticella sp. with the prevalence was 16.47% and Epistylis sp. with the prevalence value was 12.54%.
Pangasius sp are included in the group of catfish that have high economic value. Catfish are susceptible to infection with Edwardsiellosis caused by Edwardsiella sp. Edwardsiellosis is one of disease which causes declining of catfish production in Indonesia. Histopathological test can be one way to diagnose a disease infection by observing cell or tissue changes. The method used in this study is descriptive and sampling method by exsitu, by taking samples from the field and observing in the laboratory. The results showed tissue changes in the organs of Pangasius sp. due to bacterial infection which leads to damage hyperplasia, lamella fusion, and necrosis.
This study aimed at (a) comparing the effectiveness of the use of Cocoa Butter (CB) and Cocoa Butter Alternatives (CBA) on food products and (b) measuring the effectiveness of the sub-groups of the Cocoa Butter Alternatives. In this study, the researchers used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The analysis showed that (a) CB was more effective in the utilization than CBA and (b) after comparing sub-groups of the CBA examined in this study, Cocoa Butter Substitute (CBS) was more effective than Cocoa Butter Replacer (CBR) and Cocoa Butter Equivalent (CBE). This study is a practical recommendation for the use of CBA so that it can be widely applied in the chocolate industry.
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