The power generation from hydroelectric plants has increased worldwide, contributing to the participation of the renewable sources to the energy matrix. In the semiarid Brazilian Northeast (NEB), thousands of small dams have been built over time as a solution for water supply. Although incompatible with hydropower generation due to the conflict with human water supply in the region, small reservoirs accumulate water and hydraulic energy at high altitudes. In this work, simulations were performed to assess how the arrangement of various sized reservoirs impact the power demand for water distribution in the Banabuiú River Basin – BRB (19,800 km²), Brazil. The power required to pump water from all 1,405 reservoirs to the districts is 6.5 GWh/year, whereas in the scenario with the 12 larger strategic reservoirs only, the power demand reaches 45.3 GWh/year. Although representing roughly 60% of the water availability of the BRB and being able to supply all the districts, the Arrojado Lisboa reservoir alone would demand 195 GWh/year to supply water to the entire basin, i.e. 30 times the power required in the real reservoir arrangement. By storing water at high altitudes and distributing it spatially, the small reservoirs increase the energy efficiency on the water distribution system.
O estudo objetiva analisar o desempenho da cobertura dos serviços de abastecimento de água, coleta de esgoto e manejo e disposição final de resíduos sólidos por meio do Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) na Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza (RMF) entre os anos de 2007 e 2017, baseando-se em informações de indicadores disponibilizados no Sistema Nacional de Informação de Saneamento (SNIS). A metodologia compreende classificar os indicadores de acordo com parâmetros predefinidos, espacializar os dados com uso de SIG para elaboração de mapas temáticos, calcular um índice de saneamento e, por fim, dispor os resultados em forma de ranking. De modo geral, concluiu-se que, apesar dos avanços dos serviços de saneamento ao longo do período estudado, a sua universalização ainda se mostra distante para a maioria dos municípios da RMF.
Palavras-chave: Saneamento Básico. Índice de Saneamento. SIG.
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