The aim of this work was to evaluate whether there is any influence of temporary soil flooding on the agronomic performance and yield of wheat varieties. The experimental design was completely random blocks, in an 11x2 factorial scheme (eleven varieties and two soil water conditions), with four replications. Stress was imposed in the stage prior to plant anthesis. The assessments were made in two seasons (2016/2017) in relation to the number of spikelets in the main ear, number of seeds in the main ear, mass of seeds in the main ear, number of seeds in the tiller ear, mass of seeds in the tiller ear and yield in the useful area. The physical attributes number of seeds, seed mass and wheat seed yield, according to variety and agricultural year, are negatively affected by the temporary flooding (12 days) of the soil. There is influence of temporary soil flooding on the agronomic performance and yield of wheat varieties. The varieties TBio Toruk, TBio Sinuelo, TBio Sintonia, and CD151 are superior in soil flooding condition for the number of spikelets, number of seeds end for the seed mass attribute. In the soil at field capacity, the seeds produced have higher yield compared to those produced under flooding period, reaching about 309.2 Kg more for the variety TBio Sinuelo, 262 Kg for TBio Toruk and 114 Kg in CD1303.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a o desempenho de cultivares de feijão submetidas ao déficit hídrico no desenvolvimento inicial das plantas. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal de Pelotas. As sementes utilizadas foram das cultivares BRS Esteio e IPR Tuiuiú, ambas cultivares do grupo preto. A restrição hídrica foi imposta utilizando PEG-6000 como redutor de potencial osmótico para realizar o teste de germinação. No décimo dia de germinação foram coletadas as plântulas para a avaliação dos seguintes testes: teores de prolina, peróxido de hidrogênio, peroxidação lipídica e enzimas antioxidante que foram avaliadas através da atividade específica das enzimas superóxido dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) e ascorbato peroxidase (APX). O delineamento utilizado foi de inteiramente casualizado, no esquema fatorial duas cultivares por quatro potenciais osmóticos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e os valores de F quando significativos foram comparados pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados demonstram que a restrição hídrica, conforme o potencial osmótico, afeta de forma distinta a atividade das enzimas CAT, SOD, APX. O que pode resultar em plantas menos adaptadas ao estresse hídrico.
This work aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen dose management on the growth responses and physiological performance of barley seeds. Two barley cultivars (BRS Brau and BRS Cauê) and four nitrogen doses were used. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks in a 2 X 4 factorial scheme (cultivars BRS Brau and BRS Cauê x nitrogen doses 120, 150, 180, and 210 kg ha-1). Successive collections of primary data were performed every fourteen days for growth analysis. The analyzed variables were total dry matter, dry matter production and relative growth rate, assimilated partition, and seed electrical conductivity. Increasing nitrogen doses caused a temporal-quantitative difference in growth, partition, and the accelerated aging test of barley seeds. The 150 kg ha-1 N dose resulted in total dry matter over time (Wt) superiority for both evaluated cultivars. The variable dry matter production rate achieved an increase with the 150 kg ha-1 N dose at 70 days after emergence (DAE) for BRS Brau and at 56 DAE for BRS Cauê supporting Wt. The 180 and 150 kg ha-1 N doses increased the relative growth rate for BRS Brau and BRS Cauê.
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