Physalis L. é um dos gêneros mais importantes da família Solanaceae, contendo 120 espécies botanicamente identificadas. As espécies de Physalis possuem uma grande variedade genética, devido ao elevado número de espécies botanicamente identificadas, que garante características peculiares de interesse econômico. Apesar do conhecimento dessas características, pouco se tem feito para o melhoramento genético dessa pequena fruta. Para se iniciar o melhoramento é necessário realizar a análise da diversidade genética em bancos de germoplasma. Desse modo, objetivou-se explorar parâmetros morfoagronômicos de sete espécies e vinte e nove híbridos interespecíficos de Physalis, visando contribuir para programas de melhoramento genético. Utilizou-se sete espécies: Physalis angulata, Physalis ixocarpa, Physalis pruinosa, Physalis peruviana, Physalis pubescens, Physalis mínima e Physalis daturaefolia e 29 híbridos interespecíficos. Para a caracterização morfoagronômicos, foi utilizada uma lista de 42 descritores, sendo 22 variáveis quantitativas e 20 qualitativas. Utilizando o agrupamento hierárquico de Ward com base na distância de Mahalanobis, observamos a formação de cinco grupos com parentes próximos em relação aos dados qualitativos. O método de Mojena (1977) indicou a formação de cinco grupos distintos. A análise de componentes principais (PCA) explicou 63.01% da variação total existente entre as sete espécies e os 29 híbridos de Physalis por meio dos dois primeiros componentes principais (PC1 e PC2). Em base dos caracteres explorados foram diferenciados cinco grupos quantitativos e qualitativos distintos. Os híbridos de Physalis foram superiores para maioria das variáveis quantitativas.
Planting sweet potato branches with the appropriate bud number and disposition, below and above ground, can favor vegetative growth and yield that better fit the marketable standards. This study aimed to explore the influence of the number of buds and their distribution ratio, above and below ground level, on the agronomic and marketable components of sweet potato tuberous roots. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were arranged in a factorial scheme (3 x 5), with 2, 4, and 8 above-ground buds combined with 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 below-ground buds. Branches from the UZBD 06 accession (Canadense standard) were used. Vegetative, productive, and marketable traits of roots were evaluated. The use of branches with a greater number of buds above and below ground increased shoot dry biomass. Planting seed branches with 8 buds above and 8 buds below ground provided a greater number and production of marketable roots. The use of 10 buried buds increased root number and yield in the 150-450 g marketable classes, which the consumer market values the most.
Selecting new sweet potato genotypes that are adapted to the soil, climate, and cultivation conditions of the producing regions is necessary. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of experimental genotypes of white-fleshed sweet potato in commercial fields, seeking to evaluate their potential as commercial cultivars. The experiments were carried out in the municipalities of Presidente Prudente, Emilianópolis, Tarabai, and Álvares Machado in São Paulo state. The randomized complete block design with five repetitions was used in the experiments, where the genotypes UZBD-L1-04 and UZBD-L5-29 were evaluated along with the controls Ligeirinha Paulista, Canadense, and INIA Arapey. The assessed traits were tuberous root total yield, number of commercial tuberous roots, commercial tuberous root yield, average mass of commercial tuberous roots, percentage of commercial tuberous root dry mass, soluble solids, resistance to pest-caused damage, root length, diameter, and appearance. UZBD-L1-04 performed better than the other genotypes (the average of environments for tuberous root total yield was 31.76 t/ha), showing great potential as a commercial cultivar for the studied region.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.