Although a number of studies related to environmental issues address air pollution, the increased use of biotechnology and mechanical harvesting of sugar cane, less attention has been paid to the negative environmental impacts caused by laminar erosion. This study aimed to determine the levels of organic matter (OM) and nutrients (P, K, Ca and Mg)
RESUMO:As técnicas de colheita da cultura de cana nem sempre seguem preceitos conservacionistas, fato que pode influenciar atributos físicos do solo com consequente alteração da velocidade de infiltração de água no solo. O trabalho realizado teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes sistemas de colheita (manual e mecanizada) da cana-de-açúcar (crua e queimada), sobre as características de infiltração e verificar a adequação de modelos matemáticos para a estimativa da taxa de infiltração de água no solo. Foi utilizado um simulador de chuva portátil calibrado para aplicar uma precipitação de 60 mm h -1 . Os testes de infiltração de água no solo foram realizados em três sistemas de colheita: colheita manual de cana queimada, colheita mecanizada de cana crua e colheita mecanizada de cana queimada. A qualidade do ajuste dos modelos foi avaliada por meio de regressões não lineares entre os valores estimados e os valores médios observados em cada tratamento estudado. Nos tratamentos onde foi empregada a colheita mecânica, observou-se uma redução da taxa de infiltração final em relação à área sob colheita manual de cana queimada. A equação de Horton foi a mais adequada para a estimativa da taxa de infiltração de água no solo estudado.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: equação de horton, sistemas de colheita, infiltrômetro de aspersão. WATER INFILTRATION IN SOIL CULTIVATED WITH SUGARCANE: UNDER DIFERENT CROPPING SYSTEMS AND MODELS OF ADJUSTMENT OF INFILTRATION EQUATIONS ABSTRACT:The sugarcane harvesting techniques do not always follow the precepts of soil conservation, which may influence soil physical properties with consequent change in the rate of soil water infiltration. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of different cropping systems (manual cutting and automated cutting) of sugarcanes (green and burned), on water infiltration in the soil and to determine the adequacy of mathematical models to estimate the rate of water infiltration in the soil profile. It was used a portable rainfall simulator calibrated to apply rainfall of 60 mm h -1 .Tests of water infiltration in the soil were carried out in three cropping systems: manual harvesting of burnt cane, mechanical harvest of green cane and mechanical harvesting of burnt cane. The quality of the adjustment of models was evaluated by non-linear regression between the estimated values and the mean observed for each treatment. In the treatment where mechanical harvesting was applied it was observed a decreasing in the final infiltration rate compared to the area under manual harvesting of burnt cane. The equation of Horton was the most suitable to estimate the water infiltration rate in soil.
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