Pineapple production is mostly constrained by unavailability of high-performance suckers. However, somatic embryogenesis (SE) have been revealed the most rapid and controllable method for Pineapple propagation than conventional sucker production methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the responses of two cultivars of pineapple regenerated through somatic embryogenesis. Thus, calli were induced from crown leaf and plantlets leaf of Smooth Cayenne and Sugar Loaf cultivars. Murashige and Skoog base medium supplemented with vitamins B5 and different in hormonal combinations: Auxins / Cytokins. BAP and / or 2,4-D have been added to base medium for calli maturation and BAP and GA3 for plant regeneration. The results indicated a significant influence of type of explant and copper on callus induction in pineaple cultivars. Likewise, The medium MS with growth regulator combination NAA (0.5 mg/l) + BAP (1mg / l (BAP) has a highly significant influence with 8.8 mature somatic embryos. Also, the growth regulator combinations and the cultivars have significantly influenced somatic embryos regeneration with a high rate of 55.25% shoots by using the hormonal combination BAP (3 mg/l) + GA3 (2 mg/l) for the smooth Cayenne. The protocol developed is a key study for successful mass propagation of the pineapple and genetics transformation of pineapple.

Pineapple production is mostly constrained by unavailability of high-performance suckers. However, somatic embryogenesis (SE) have been revealed the most rapid and controllable method for Pineapple propagation than conventional sucker production methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the responses of two cultivars of pineapple regenerated through somatic embryogenesis. Calli were induced from crown leaf and plantlets leaf of Smooth Cayenne and Sugar Loaf cultivars. Murashige and Skoog base medium supplemented with vitamins B5 and different plant growth regulators combinations. BAP and / or 2,4-D have been added to base medium for calli maturation. BAP and GA3 have been added for plant elongation. The results indicated a significant influence of type of explant and copper on callus induction in pineapple cultivars. Likewise, the medium MS with NAA (0.5 mg/l) + BAP (1mg/l) has a highly significant influence with 8.8 mature somatic embryos per explant. Also, the growth regulator combinations and the cultivars have significantly influenced somatic embryos regeneration with a high rate of 55.25% plantlets using the hormonal combination BAP (3 mg/l) + GA3 (2 mg/l) for the smooth Cayenne. Leaves from plantlets constitute the explants to be used for callus induction in pineapple. The combination of BAP (1 mg/l) + copper (2 mg/l) + Picloram (6 mg/l or 12 mg/l) on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with vitamins B5 was favorable somatic embryos regeneration of pineapple. The protocol developed is a key study for successful mass propagation and genetics transformation of pineapple.

Unavailability of performant planting material of pineapple constitutes a major problem of its cultivation in Africa. For this purpose, indirect organogenesis technique is used to evaluate the in vitro responses of two cultivars of pineapple during the explant's regeneration. Calli were induced from crown leaf and plantlets leaf of "Smooth Cayenne" and "Sugarloaf cultivars". Murashige and Skoog medium with vitamins B5 supplemented with different growth regulators combinations were used. BAP and/or 2,4-D have been added to base medium for calli cells' differentiation while BAP and GA3 have been added for plant elongation. The results indicated that explants from regenerated plantlets leaves cultivated on MS supplemented with copper (II) sulphate 5-hydrate concentrations incorporated had significant (p < 0.0001) influence on callus induction in pineapple cultivars. Likewise, MS medium with NAA (0.5 mg/l) + BAP (1 mg/l) had a highly significant influence with 8.8 differentiated Calli. Also, MS medium supplemented with BAP (3 mg/l) + GA3 (2 mg/l) for the "smooth Cayenne" had significantly influenced (p < 0.0001) Calli regeneration with a high rate of 55.25% plantlets. MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l of NAA + 0 mg/l IBA produced a high number of roots in Sugarloaf whereas the medium containing 1.5 mg/l NAA + 0.5 mg/l (IBA) produced high number of roots in smooth Cayenne. We have established an efficient and reproducible protocol for mass propagation and genetic transformation of pineapple though indirect organogenesis. This protocol may be used in genetics engineering studies for pineapple breeding.

BackgroundPineapple production is mostly constrained by unavailability of high-performance suckers. However, somatic embryogenesis (SE) have been revealed the most rapid and controllable method for Pineapple propagation than conventional sucker production methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the responses of two cultivars of pineapple regenerated through somatic embryogenesis. MethodsThus, calli were induced from crown leaf and plantlets leaf of Smooth Cayenne and Sugar Loaf cultivars. Murashige and Skoog base medium supplemented with vitamins B5 and different in hormonal combinations: Auxins / Cytokins. BAP and / or 2,4-D have been added to base medium for calli maturation and BAP and GA3 for plant regeneration. ResultsThe results indicated a significant influence of type of explant and copper on callus induction in pineapple cultivars. Likewise, The medium MS with growth regulator combination NAA (0.5 mg/l) + BAP (1mg / l (BAP) has a highly significant influence with 8.8 mature somatic embryos. Also, the growth regulator combinations and the cultivars have significantly influenced somatic embryos regeneration with a high rate of 55.25% shoots by using the hormonal combination BAP (3 mg/l) + GA3 (2 mg/l) for the smooth Cayenne. Conclusion Leaves from organogenesis plantlets constitute the explants to be used for callus induction in pineapple. The combination of BAP (1 mg/l) + copper (2 mg/l) + Picloram (6 mg/l or 12 mg/l) on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with vitamins B5 was favorable somatic embryos regeneration of pineapple. The protocol developed is a key study for successful mass propagation and genetics transformation of pineapple.