Abstract. What future for tourism in the COVID-19 era? This is a question that has become part of the daily life of many tourist destinations. The pandemic has affected all economic sectors and tourism is one of the sectors most suffered. According to data from the World Tourism Organization (2021) due to the health emergency 100% of countries have introduced restrictions in the travel sector and for this reason international tourist arrivals dropping by 74% in 2020. Future projections indicate 2023 as the year when a the "regular" flow of tourists can be recorded globally. However, in the meantime, there is a need to improve this sector by implementing strategies to promote and enhance the places to motivate sustainable tourism. The insecurity of travel and of some destinations, due to the many emergency restrictions, pushes tourists to live an outdoor vacation in contact with nature and host community. Thus, the search for authentic places moves minds more consciously towards sustainable tourism practices showing a greater interest in some forms of tourism such as rural and cultural.The aim of this work is to understand how to deal with the "new" needs of the demand, bringing out the rural realities through the creation of an organized sustainable offer that revolves around existing accommodation facilities such as farmhouses. In particular, the case of Sardinia will be analyzed, an island that has long been known for its seaside tourism, but whose rural and internal areas are still not much used touristically. The study intends, after a short review of the literature on the sustainability of rural tourism, highlight the possibility to create rural tourist itineraries capable of enhancing the territory's peculiarities by combining the different landscape assets. The exemplification of the creation of these routes will be realized in GIS field through the creation of a model of accessibility to the Sardinian rural space. This model will be based on the use of isochronous curves obtained from the analysis of travel times both to move towards and from the agritourism that offer accommodation and within their landscape offer.
The World Travel & Tourism Council considers tourism as one of the most resilient business activities with an excellent recovery times after crisis periods, which for various reasons have accourred worldwide as well. However, the current one, caused by Covid-19 pandemic, has taken on characteristics that will profoundly mark the 21st century since it brings with it a profound economic crisis of which tourism is one of the most important and most affected sector. It seems superflous to speak at this time about tourism, whose perception is always that of leisure, but in Italy, for example, this sector is worth about 12% of the gross domestic product. It is above all for this reason that it must be reconsidered in sustainable terms also from the health point of view, and social distance is the fundamental requirement now. Sardinia is one of the favored regions by italian tourists during the summer and by foreigners also in the shoulder months. To date, despite the still high criticality, there are variould theses under discussion, mainly among researchers, on what the new tourism will be possible, but the phases of mitigation and recovery should be estabished by the institution while the scientific community should answer the question on how to create and to manage these new kind of tourism. This study will try to address this problem by rethinking the typical types of the island of Sardinia from a tourist perspective of protection with respect to morbidity.
Environment and climate are becoming closer in pursuing the sustainability that, since decades, all the global plans are heading to. We can define the study of these themes as relatively young; it follows, in various areas, the historical and economic situations of the world, particularly the financial transitions that, up to a few decades ago, saw the world divided in north and south, distinguishing between Developed and Developing Countries, arriving to the "Fourth World" definition due to the globalization, where to developing countries have the highest levels of polluting emission towards the environmental matrices. its birth in 1945, emphasised the peace keeping, human rights and the fair social-economic development (as being the necessities of that time), yet no mention of was made about the environment. At the end of the sixties the importance and gravity of the environmental issues have been detected and, in some cases, turned out to be irreversible. This in the moment where the relation between economy and environment was born, and for the first time with a negative connotation.
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